Entry
Reader's guide
Entries A-Z
Subject index
Jubilee 2000
ENTITLED THE Jubilee 2000 Coalition, a vision of Martin Dent and cofounder Bill Peters, this campaign to “Drop the Debt” was first launched in the United Kingdom (UK) under the direction of Ann Pettifor and the assistance of many individuals and organizations. Over a period of five years, this collective effort brought together over 20 million people in 155 countries from diverse aid groups and religious agencies.
They signed a petition supporting the world's poorest countries in 100 percent cancellation of their debts to creditors (a collective amount of over $2.4 trillion) by 2000, the Jubilee year. In camaraderie, 60 other countries conducted Jubilee 2000 campaigns based on the UK model.
The word jubilee originates from the Old Testament in Leviticus 25:8–55. Of symbolic relevance to the Jubilee 2000 cause are the passages where Yahweh speaks to Moses about the freedom of the Israelite slaves (4755) and the return of property to its original owner (13). However, the UK movement differed from the religious faith-renewing program of preparation for the Great Jubilee in the Year 2000, as proposed by Pope John Paul II to the Roman Catholic Church, in the document “Tertio Millennio Adveniente” (November 10, 1994).
This grassroots response was part of an ongoing struggle against Third World debt that was putting pressure on the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In 1996 these two international organizations published a list of 41 Heavily Indebted and Poor Countries (HIPC). The politics and events surrounding this document fueled further activist involvement that culminated in the Jubilee 2000 movement.
Campaign Platform
At the local, regional, national, and international levels, the most explicit goals of this nonviolent campaign were to persuade the G-8 (the eight wealthiest countries of the world) to offer their unconditional participation in debt cancellation, signifying their solidarity with the Third World; to empower First World audiences with information about the debt crisis and expose them to the kinds of structural injustice resulting from a coun-try's debt—a population's widespread suffering due to poverty; to inspire involvement in the international financial process; to advocate for a new, democratically influenced, transparent financial order, one that could support justice and human rights, free Third World countries from the burden of debt, and create the legal means to assure a country adequate time and tools for proper restructuring and development of economic credibility (a form of international bankruptcy protection); to lobby against and eliminate harsh, unfair, unfavorable, and/or corrupt policies and politics (visible and invisible) imposed by the IMF, the World Bank, international creditors, and political leaders; and to gain the support of the United Nations and other international organizations that would help to ensure the pursuit of international law and international human rights for all.
The Campaign's Impact
Advocating their case to the world with its professional research teams, Jubilee 2000 UK succeeded in creating a sense of global awareness of debt issues. The campaign effort achieved international mass media attention that attracted the support of well-known scholars, international figures, celebrities (Youssou N'Dour, U2's Bono, Muhammad Ali, the Spice Girls), and religious figures (Pope John Paul II). The sentiment of Jubilee 2000 continues today as the Jubilee Movement International (JMI), which includes Jubilee South, Jubilee USA, and Jubilee Australia, and Jubilee UK. Each organization collaborates in research efforts to fight for social economic change and contributes to the achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Jubilee Research and JMI have supported campaigns like Make Poverty History and have brought the issue of Third World debt to the fore of the G-8 and media agenda, evidence that Jubilee networks are successfully creating a mainstream space for radical global resistance against international public debt and the poverty it creates.
...
- Antipoverty Organizations
- African Development Foundation
- American Friends Service Committee
- Anti-Defamation League
- Better Safer World
- Big Brothers Big Sisters
- Campus Compact
- CARE
- Center for Democratic Renewal
- Center for the Study of Urban Poverty
- Center on Budget and Policies Priorities
- Center on Hunger and Poverty
- Charity Organization Society
- Comic Relief
- Cuernavaca Center
- Development Gateway
- Employment Policies Institute
- Engineers Without Borders
- Feinstein Foundation
- Food First
- Food for the Hungry
- Food Research and Action Center
- Foods Resource Bank
- Habitat for Humanity
- Haig Fund
- Hull House
- Institute for Research on Poverty
- Institute for the Study of Homelessness and Poverty
- Institute on Race and Poverty
- International Food Policy Research Institute
- International Labor Organization
- International Monetary Fund
- International Nongovernmental Organizations
- Lawyers Without Borders
- Médecins Sans Frontières
- National Alliance to End Homelessness
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
- National Coalition for the Homeless
- National Coalition of Barrios Unidos
- National Coalition on Health Care
- National Conference for Community and Justice
- National Low-Income Housing Coalition
- National Poverty Center
- New Partnership for Africa's Development
- Nongovernmental Organizations
- Salvation Army
- Second Harvest
- Students Against Sweatshops
- UNICEF
- United For a Fair Economy
- World Bank
- World Health Organization
- World Trade Organization
- Children and Poverty
- CDF Black Community Crusade for Children
- Child Malnutrition
- Child Mortality
- Child Welfare League of America
- ChildLine
- Children and Poverty
- Children's Aid Society
- Children's Defense Fund
- Children's Hunger Relief
- Church of England
- Education
- National Association for the Education of Young Children
- National Education Association
- National Fatherhood Initiative
- Nutrition
- Street Children
- Causes of Poverty
- Countries: Africa
- Algeria
- Angola
- Benin
- Botswana
- Brunei Darussalam
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi
- Côte d'Ivoire
- Cameroon
- Cape Verde
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Comoros
- Congo
- Congo, Democratic Republic
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Kenya
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Libya
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Rwanda
- São Tomé and Principe
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Somalia
- South Africa
- Sudan
- Swaziland
- Tanzania
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Uganda
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- Countries: Americas
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Canada
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Jamaica
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Lucia
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Trinidad and Tobago
- United States
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- Countries: Asia
- Afghanistan
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- Cambodia
- China
- East Timor
- Georgia
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Japan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Korea, North
- Korea, South
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Laos
- Lebanon
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Moldova
- Mongolia
- Myanmar
- Nepal
- Oman
- Pakistan
- Palestine
- Philippines
- Qatar
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- Seychelles
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- Ukraine
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Countries: Europe
- Albania
- Andorra
- Armenia
- Austria
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Italy
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Macedonia (FYROM)
- Malta
- Monaco
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- San Marino
- Serbia and Montenegro
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom
- Countries: Pacific
- Economics of Poverty
- Agriculture
- Agriculture-Nutrition Advantage
- Area Deprivation
- Bankruptcy
- Basic Income
- Basic Needs
- Basic Security
- Capitalism
- Civil Society
- Class Analysis of Poverty
- Class Structure
- Communism
- Cost of Living
- Credit
- Debt
- Debt Relief
- Debt Swap
- Dependency School
- Deprivation
- Destitution
- Disability Insurance
- Distribution
- Drought
- Economic Distance
- Economic Growth
- Employment
- Employment Theory
- Environmental Degradation
- Equity and Efficiency Trade-Off
- Equivalence Scales
- Family Budgets
- Famine
- Financial Markets
- Fiscal Policy
- Food Shortages
- Foreign Direct Investment
- Free Trade Agreement of Americas
- Fuel Poverty
- Globalization
- Household Consumption
- Household Employment
- Household Income
- Human Capital
- Human Development
- Income
- Income Distribution Theories
- Income Inequality
- Income Poverty
- Inflation
- International Trade
- Intrahousehold Transfers
- Labor Market
- Laissez-Faire
- Lumpenproletariat
- Macroeconomic Policies
- Macroeconomics
- Market Efficiency
- Microeconomics
- Monetary Policy
- Myrdal's Theory of Cumulative Causation
- Needs
- Neoclassical Thought
- Nonincome Poverty
- North American Free Trade Agreement
- OECD Countries
- Outsourcing/Offshoring
- Pension Programs
- Physiocrats
- Planning
- Poverty Trap
- Primary Poverty
- Privatization
- Public Goods
- Public Policy
- Recession
- Redistribution
- Relative Deprivation
- Rural Deprivation
- Scarcity
- Social Democracy
- Socialism
- Stabilization
- Structural Dependency
- Structuralist School
- Supply-Side Economics
- Wage Slavery
- Wages
- War and Poverty
- Water
- Welfare State
- Effects of Poverty
- Crime
- Deprivation
- Destitution
- Disease
- Economic Distance
- Economic Insecurity
- Environmental Degradation
- Exclusion
- Exploitation
- Family Desertion
- HIV/AIDS
- Homelessness
- Malnutrition
- Nonworking Poor
- Rural Deprivation
- Social Disqualification
- Social Exclusion
- Social Inequality
- Social Insecurity
- Starvation
- Stigmatization
- Structural Dependency
- Underclass
- Vulnerability
- Welfare Dependence
- History of Poverty
- Adams, John (Administration)
- Adams, John Quincy (Administration)
- Almshouses
- Ancient Thought
- Apartheid
- Arthur, Chester (Administration)
- Buchanan, James (Administration)
- Bush, George H.W. (Administration)
- Bush, George W. (Administration)
- Carter, James (Administration)
- Cleveland, Grover (Administration)
- Clinton, William (Administration)
- Cold War
- Colonialism
- Coolidge, Calvin (Administration)
- Depression, Great
- Eisenhower, Dwight (Administration)
- Fabian Society
- Feudalism
- Fillmore, Millard (Administration)
- Ford, Gerald (Administration)
- French Revolution
- Garfield, James (Administration)
- Grant, Ulysses (Administration)
- Harding, Warren (Administration)
- Harrison, Benjamin (Administration)
- Harrison, William (Administration)
- Hayes, Rutherford (Administration)
- Hoover, Herbert (Administration)
- Imperialism
- Industrial Revolution
- Industrialization
- Irish Famine
- Jackson, Andrew (Administration)
- Jefferson, Thomas (Administration)
- Johnson, Andrew (Administration)
- Johnson, Lyndon (Administration)
- Kennedy, John F. (Administration)
- Les Misérables
- Lincoln, Abraham (Administration)
- Madison, James (Administration)
- McKinley, William (Administration)
- Medieval Thought
- Mercantilism
- Monroe, James (Administration)
- Nixon, Richard (Administration)
- Pierce, Franklin (Administration)
- Polk, James (Administration)
- Poor Laws
- Reagan, Ronald (Administration)
- Roosevelt, Franklin (Administration)
- Roosevelt, Theodore (Administration)
- Taft, William Howard (Administration)
- Taylor, Zachary (Administration)
- Truman, Harry (Administration)
- Tyler, John (Administration)
- Utopian Socialists
- Van Buren, Martin (Administration)
- War on Poverty
- Washington, George (Administration)
- Wilson, Woodrow (Administration)
- World War I
- World War II
- Measurements and Definitions of Poverty
- Absolute-Income-Based Measures of Poverty
- Arab Definition of Poverty
- Australian Definition of Poverty
- Axiom of Monotonicity and Axiom of Transfers
- Beveridge Scheme
- Brazilian Definition of Poverty
- Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Capability Measure of Poverty
- Chinese Definition of Poverty
- Comparative Research Program on Poverty
- Consumption-Based Measures of Poverty
- Contextual Poverty
- Cost-of-Living-Based Measures of Poverty
- Cyclical Poverty
- Decomposable Poverty Measures
- Definitions of Poverty
- Demographics
- Dependency Ratio
- Deprivation Index
- Direct and Indirect Measures of Poverty
- Duration of Poverty
- Economic Definitions of Poverty
- Economic Insufficiency
- Endemic Poverty
- Engel Coefficient
- European Relative-Income Standard of Poverty
- European Union Definition of Poverty
- Extended Poverty Minimum
- Extreme Poverty
- Food-Ratio Poverty Line
- Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke Index
- Gini Coefficient
- Headcount Index
- Human Poverty Index
- Indicators of Poverty
- Joint Center for Poverty Research
- Living-Standards Measurement Study
- Luxembourg Employment Study
- Luxembourg Income Study
- Mapping Poverty
- Means-Testing
- National Research Council
- Normative Standards
- Overall Poverty
- Peripheral Poverty
- Permanent (Collective) Poverty
- Poverty Assessment
- Poverty Clock
- Poverty Gap
- Poverty Gap Index
- Poverty Rate
- Poverty Research
- Poverty Threshold
- Relative Welfare Index
- Relative-Income-Based Measures of Poverty
- Rural Poverty Research Center
- Scientific Definitions of Poverty
- Secondary Poverty
- Sen Index
- Sen-Shorrocks-Thon Index
- Speenhamland System
- Squared Poverty Gap Index
- Standard Food Basket
- Standard Food Basket Variant
- Standard of Living
- Subjective Measures of Poverty
- TIP Curves
- Totally Fuzzy and Relative (TFR) Poverty Measures
- Traumatic Poverty
- UBN-PL Method
- Ultimate Poverty
- University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research
- USDA Poverty Line
- Voluntary Poverty
- Working Poor
- World Bank Poverty Lines
- People
- Aquinas, Thomas
- Bellamy, Edward
- Black, Hugo L.
- Brandeis, Louis D.
- Bryan, William Jennings
- Calvin, John
- Carnegie, Andrew
- Coughlin, Charles
- de Soto, Hernando
- Donnelly, Ignatius
- Engels, Friedrich
- Evans, George Henry
- Foucault, Michel
- Francis of Assisi
- Frank, Andre Gunder
- Franklin, Benjamin
- Friedman, Milton
- Galbraith, John Kenneth
- Gandhi, Mahatma
- George, Henry
- Giddens, Anthony
- Gilder, George
- Greeley, Horace
- Harrington, Michael
- Heilbronner, Robert
- Hobbes, Thomas
- Hobson, John
- Lewis, Arthur
- Locke, John
- Luxemburg, Rosa
- Malthus, Thomas
- Marshall, Alfred
- Marx, Karl
- Mill, John Stuart
- Mother Teresa
- Owen, Robert
- Polanyi, Karl
- Prebisch, Raul
- Rawls, John
- Ricardo, David
- Sen, Amartya
- Smith, Adam
- Thompson, T. Phillips
- Wallerstein, Immanuel
- Weber, Max
- Politics and Poverty
- Poverty Relief Initiatives
- Access-to-Enterprise Zones
- Adjustment Programs
- Aid to Families with Dependent Children
- Asset-Based Antipoverty Programs
- Congressional Hunger Center
- Earned-Income Tax Credit
- Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy
- Federal Targeted Training
- Food Stamps
- G-8 Africa Action Plan
- Great Society Programs
- Guaranteed Assistance
- Head Start
- Heifer Project
- Help the Aged
- Housing Assistance
- Inter-American Development Bank
- International Development Cooperation Forum
- Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
- Living Wage Campaign
- Low-Income Cut-Offs
- Means-Tested Government Antipoverty Programs
- Medicaid
- Medicare
- Microcredit
- Millennium Development Goals
- Minimum Wage
- Pro-Poor Growth
- Rationing
- Regulation
- Rural Antipoverty Programs
- Social Assistance
- Supplemental Security Income
- Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
- UNDP Regional Project for Overcoming Poverty
- Unemployment Insurance
- United Nations Development Program
- Urban Antipoverty Programs
- Wealth Tax
- Work-Welfare Programs
- Workers' Compensation
- Workfare
- Religious and Secular Charities
- Africa Faith and Justice Network
- Brotherhood of St. Laurence
- Catholic Campaign for Human Development
- Christian Antipoverty Campaigns
- Christian Community Health Fellowship
- Christmas Seals
- Church World Services
- Community-Based Antipoverty Programs
- Damascus Road
- Easter Seals
- Evangelicals for Social Action
- Faith-Based Antipoverty Programs
- Franciscan Order
- Goodwill Industries
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
- Jesuits
- Jubilee 2000
- Judaism and Poverty
- Living Waters for the World
- March of Dimes
- Mendicant Orders
- Milwaukee New Hope Program
- Missionaries
- National Interfaith Committee for Worker Justice
- OXFAM
- Partnership to Cut Hunger in Africa
- Polish Humanitarian Organization
- Presbyterian Hunger Project
- Protestant Churches
- Rebuilding Together
- Roy Wilkins Center
- Samaritans
- Save the Children
- Share Our Strength
- Society of St. Vincent de Paul
- United Methodist Church Initiatives
- United Methodist Committee on Relief
- United Way
- World Concern
- World Food Program
- YMCA and YWCA
- Women and Poverty
- Loading...
Get a 30 day FREE TRIAL
-
Watch videos from a variety of sources bringing classroom topics to life
-
Read modern, diverse business cases
-
Explore hundreds of books and reference titles
Sage Recommends
We found other relevant content for you on other Sage platforms.
Have you created a personal profile? Login or create a profile so that you can save clips, playlists and searches