Guyana

The republic of Guyana, which is located in northern South America between Suriname and Venezuela, began its existence as a Dutch colony before becoming a British possession in 1815. The abolition of slavery in 1834 led to the importation of scores of Indian indentured servants to provide labor for large sugar plantations, and the ethnic makeup of the country has continued to produce a turbulent political environment. By the 21st century, the 43 percent east Indian population outnumbered the 30.2 percent black population.

Religious divisions are also present, with around 28 percent of Guyanese identifying themselves as Hindu. Other religions varying from Protestantism to Islam are represented in varying degrees. Socialistic governments have been dominant since independence was declared in 1966. While women are considered equal in Guyana according to law, political and religious customs have often caused women to be considered second-class citizens. Women's roles remain focused on caring for families and communities. According [Page 658]to some feminist scholars, male resentment has been growing in Guyana in response to increased activism among women, often manifesting itself in violence against women.