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White Slavery
White slavery is the trafficking in women and girls by use of force, deception, or abuse of authority for purposes of engaging in sexual activity, including deviant sex, for the gratification of paying customers.
The term white slavery probably originated at a 1902 conference in Paris, France, on the subject of trafficking in persons. It was used as a means of differentiating between the enslavement of Africans (blacks) and the enslavement of white women and girls who were coerced into lives of prostitution and sexual slavery (indenture). This type of trafficking involves the use of force and deception, that is, the threat of violence, the abuse of authority, or the use of extortion, coercion, or deception, to exploit females sexually for commercial gain. It also involves the relocation and isolation of victims to facilitate the “seasoning” process that prepares the procured woman or girl for the life of a prostitute.
Some trafficked women and girls “service” migrant workers. Others have military personnel as their primary “clients,” and others, particularly in countries like Thailand, Korea, and the Philippines, are subjected to the “sex tourism trade.”
Trafficking Activity
White slavery has existed for centuries throughout the world. According to United Nations estimates, white slavery is among the fastest-growing peopletrafficking activity in the world today. Women and girls are systematically recruited or transported across boarders for the sex trade. The procurers of these individuals range from family members, to pimps, to organized syndicates. All share the characteristics of violence and coercion in the exploitation of their victims.
Trafficking in Children
The most pernicious form of sex trafficking, also included in the definition of white slavery, is something that has existed for centuries and seems to be proliferating in recent years. Millions of children, primarily girls, are being sexually exploited in the global sex trade. Sexual trafficking in children is difficult to quantify, but according to UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund), more than 1 million children are enslaved in the Asian sex tourism industry. There may be as many as 800,000 child prostitutes in Thailand alone, and 400,000 in India. The Philippines accounts for another 60,000.
A significant amount of exploitation of children is tied to international child pornography. In the United States, men have paid up to $800 for the opportunity to have sex with children as young as 8 years of age. The Internet has enabled pedophiles to have instant access to a “menu” of boys and girls from all over the world, available to satisfy their predilections.
In Japan, young virgin girls are sought out because it is deemed to enhance a man's virility to be the one to “take her virginity.” The challenge in Japan is compounded by the social attitude toward prostitution, evidenced by many young girls who use intermittent prostitution to augment their incomes in an increasingly materialistic environment. In Thailand, many men seek out prepubescent girls because of a belief that young girls are less likely to be infected with sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV.
Profiles of Trafficked Women and Traffickers
Runaways and Throwaways
One of the fastest-growing groups of exploited women and girls are runaways and “throwaways.” These are predominantly girls who have left or been pushed out of their homes. Most of these girls are between the ages of 13 and 16, are predominantly white, and come from both white-collar and blue-collar families. Significantly, research data shows that more than half of runaways have been victims of sexual or physical abuse. Thus, their departure from the home environment cannot actually be viewed as voluntary. In addition, when they end up on the streets, they are prime candidates for the “waiting arms” of predators, such as pimps and hustlers, who entice or coerce them into a life of prostitution.
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- Aggression
- Aggression: Biological Theories
- Aggression: Evolutionary and Anthropological Theories
- Aggression: Feminist Perspective
- Aggression: Sociological Theories
- Alcohol and Aggression
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Batterers and Abusive Partners
- Cycle Theory of Violence
- Elder Abuse
- Family Violence
- Homicide
- Mass Violence
- Media, Violence in the
- Motives for Murder
- Paraphilia
- Pedophilia
- Police Brutality
- Predicting Violent Behavior
- Psychopaths
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- Road Rage
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- Sexual Offenses
- Stalking
- Violent Behavior: A Psychological Case Study
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- MacDonald, Jeffery Robert
- Methods of Murder
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- Yates, Andrea
- Motives for Violence
- Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances
- Aggression
- Alcohol and Aggression
- Batterers and Abusive Partners
- Beltway Snipers
- Cycle Theory of Violence
- Drug Trade
- Family Violence
- Gender Violence
- Helter-Skelter
- Homicide, Motivation for Murder
- Less-Dead
- Medical Murders
- Motives for Murder
- Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
- Paraphilia
- Pedophilia
- Predicting Violent Behavior
- Profiling
- Rape
- Road Rage
- Robbery
- Serial Murder
- Sexual Offenses
- Substance Abuse and Homicide
- Vehicular Homicide
- Vigilantism
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- Police and Violence
- Psychological Theories and Diagnoses for Violent Behavior
- Aggression: Psychological Theories
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Arsonist's Portrait
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- Brawner Test
- Court-Ordered Psychological Assessment
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
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- Less-Dead
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- Paraphilia
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- Predicting Violent Behavior
- Psychopathology Checklist-Revised (PCL-R)
- Psychopaths
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- Violence: Phenomenology
- Violent Behavior: A Psychological Case Study
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- XYY Syndrome
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- Albright, Charles
- Bathory, Countess Elizabeth
- Beck, Martha, and Ray Fernandez
- Beltway Snipers
- Berkowitz, David Richard
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- DeSalvo, Albert Henry
- Dodd, Westley Allan
- Gray, Dana Sue
- Hoch, Johann Otto (Bluebeard)
- Hog Trail Killings
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- Jones, Genene
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- Milat, Ivan
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- Ramirez, Richard
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- Williams, Wayne
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- Sex Crimes
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- Victimology
- Aggression: Feminist Perspective
- Battered Child Syndrome
- Battered Woman's Syndrome
- Batterers and Abusive Partners
- Elder Abuse
- Family Violence
- Gender Violence
- Predicting Violent Behavior
- Prevention of Crime and Violent Behavior
- Profiling
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- Robbery
- Threat Assessment
- Victim and Witness Protection Act (1984)
- Victim Compensation for Violent Crimes
- Victimology
- Victims of Crime Act (1984)
- Vigilantism
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- Aeronautical Mass Murder
- Aggression
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- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Arson
- Battered Child Syndrome
- Battered Woman's Syndrome
- Batterers and Abusive Partners
- Child Abuse
- Child Killers
- Community Attitudes Toward Violent Crime
- Cycle Theory of Violence
- Death Penalty
- Drug Trade
- Elder Abuse
- Family Homicide
- Family Violence
- Gangs
- Gender Violence
- Homicide
- Juvenile Firesetters
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- Juvenile Offenders
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- Media, Violence in the
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- Methods of Murder
- Motives for Murder
- Murder-Suicide
- Neo-Nazi Skinheads
- Organized Crime
- Paraphilia
- Pedophilia
- Poisoners
- Poisoning: Medical Settings
- Police Brutality
- Predicting Violent Behavior
- Product Tampering
- Psychopaths
- Psychosocial Risk Factors for Violent Behavior
- Rape
- Rippers
- Road Rage
- Robbery
- School Shootings
- Serial Murder
- Sex Offenders
- Sexual Offenses
- Signature Killers
- Stalking
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- Suicide by Cop
- Team Killers
- Terrorism
- Trophy Taking
- Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)
- Vampires, Werewolves, and Witches
- ViCLAS
- Victimology
- Vigilantism
- Violent Behavior
- Violent Female Juvenile Offenders
- War Atrocities
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- Women and Violence
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- XYY Syndrome
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