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Spree Murders
Defining spree murder is most clearly done in relation to other types of multiple murders. Massmurderers kill many in one incident (usually in minutes or hours), whereas serial killers kill numerous victims, with a “cooling off” period between each victim (often over several years). Spree murder combines characteristics of the two, generally commencing as the result of a stressor in the offender's life, whose frustration and anger are manifested in an almost continuous deadly rampage for hours or sometimes days. A spree murder is one event yet covers more than one location. Essentially, there is no cooling-off period as is found with serial murders, but unlike mass murders, there is more than one crime scene. A spree murderer is sometimes confused with a shooting spree. School shootings by students are examples of shooting sprees, but are not necessarily spree murders.
Spree murderers often prepare for the deadly incident by packing an arsenal of weapons for use along the way. This indicates premeditation for a high victim count. Yet uncharacteristic of an organized and planned murder, spree murderers select both intimate victims as well as unsuspecting strangers. Stranger victims are typically in the killer's path during the rampage, what are known as convenience killings.
Feelings of inadequacy or vulnerability drive murderers to seek power through their crimes. During their crimes, however, the killers carelessly leave traces, and the police eventually chase or corner the offenders. Spree murderers recognize that their options are limited, and typically the spree ends in suicide. Some embark on their sprees as suicide missions, recognizing that they will eventually be stopped.
Case Studies
Martin Bryant
One such murder spree lasted two days in Port Arthur, Australia. Martin Bryant had packed a sports bag loaded with several rifles, a hunting knife, two sets of handcuffs, a rope, a large amount of ammunition, a video camera, and a container of gasoline. He had lunch at a café, and after he finished set the video camera on a nearby table and began shooting other patrons of the café with his semiautomatic rifle. He killed 20 people and injured several others, then left the café and murdered 4 more people, again wounding many others passing by. Bryant drove toward the nearby tollbooth and killed a woman and her two children walking beside the road. He drove a few hundred yards closer to the tollbooth and killed three men in a car. He approached another car with a couple inside, forced the man into the trunk of his car, and shot the woman.
Continuing his rampage, Bryant drove to the Seascape Cottage, where he fired at several cars within his sight. He then removed his guns from the car and took a male hostage inside the house and handcuffed the man to a stair rail. Bryant returned outside and poured gasoline over his car and set it on fire. He then reentered the cottage, which was owned by Mr. and Mrs. Martin, against whom he held a grudge. When police arrived to find Bryant barricaded inside the cottage, they believed he could have as many as three people hostage (the man abducted from the tollbooth and the Martins). Thus, they were cautious as to how to approach the situation. The next morning, after several telephone negotiations between the police and Bryant throughout the night, Bryant set the cottage on fire. As he ran out of the cottage with his clothes ablaze, the police captured him. In all, he had killed 35 people and injured another 18 in over 19 hours' time.
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