Safe Space

[Page 1303]A “safe space” generally describes a place or a situation in which a person or group can feel confident that they will not be subjected to discrimination, criticism, harassment, or any other form of emotional or physical harm. Cultural diversity is moving from the margins into the mainstream, and those who once occupied the space reserved for dominant culture are now at odds with those whose narratives are becoming more significant. As opposed to celebrating this shift toward multiculturalism and upholding its values, there is sometimes strong dissent within the dominant culture. This necessitates the creation of safe spaces within society. Discrimination is experienced in varying ways based on a person’s identity. Consequently, safe spaces are created to provide a unified and supportive environment for groups that may feel marginalized and a space to work toward social justice for all. The objective for safe spaces can vary according to the group it serves. Counselors may be a part of creating safe spaces, advocating for them, or may need to refer clients to resources for safe spaces. This entry discusses different types of safe spaces for marginalized groups, as well as a critical examination of the concept and culture of safe spaces.

Commonly held understandings and realities safe spaces can be actual physical spaces or an ideological space for people to share ideas and experiences. A physical safe space is one which is usually designated as a place meant for people from marginalized groups to utilize. This is in contrast to a “brave space,” which encourages respect and civility among its members who represent differing backgrounds and ideas. For example, in a multicultural class, a brave space is created when the professor urges everyone to share their ideas and views in a respectful, civil manner even if they do not agree. Examples include a business (a gay bar), a social organization (a speaker’s organization for only women), support groups (a support group for Black men), or a special space at a university (a private prayer space for Muslims).

Churches, schools, and community centers have traditionally served as safe spaces for the communities they serve, both mainstream and marginalized alike. Through these institutions, community members have historically had a physical and metaphorical place to gather, socialize, and express their views. Today, school districts in the United States actively incorporate programs that educate and provide support to students and their families regarding mental health and well-being. In schools, student support coordinators, school counselors, and teachers collaborate to provide students with healthy outlets. Students are encouraged to participate in peace circles, Zen rooms, writing labs, and play areas. The purpose of these spaces is to assist students in social–emotional learning and conflict resolution, allowing them to express themselves without fear of reprimand or criticism.

[Page 1304]Additionally, people seek refuge and support from various faith-based institutions. Many of these organizations provide a safe environment for their members and the community. Religious affiliations and faith are intricate and very important aspects of some individuals’ lives. These types of gatherings are intended for members to have fellowship with one another; to learn about specific belief systems; and to find spiritual connection and enlightenment through prayer, meditation, and spiritual teaching. These spaces come by way of churches, temples, synagogues, mosques, or within the privacy of individuals’ homes where they may have altars or dedicated areas where they worship.

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