Virtual Learning Environments

A virtual learning environment in the most general case refers to a learning situation that is supported by Internet-enabled technologies to provide tools for students to learn specific content, communicate and submit work, while providing components for an instructor to manage the learning process, collect input, and provide feedback to students. The concept is called virtual because students use computer programs and tools while working from remote locations to accomplish activities that would otherwise be done in real locations such as a school or training classroom. Distance learning is a term also commonly associated with virtual learning. In 1984, the New York Institute of Technology was among the first organizations to set up classes that could be accessed via students’ computers to meet the needs of students who were unable to travel to campus. The viability of this learning format quickly spread and evolved in sophistication as personal computers and Internet connectivity became commonplace.

Virtual learning environments have advantages and disadvantages. Advantages include opportunities for students to learn while in locations other than classrooms using computers or mobile devices; these students might otherwise not have access to educational opportunities because of distance, time, economics, or other limitations. A virtual environment can also leverage technology, for example, to offer instruction from experts in content areas, via live video conferencing and other means. However, the lack of human face-to-face instructors can be a disadvantage for students who need traditional settings and who might be more comfortable working directly with teachers and peers. Students who may not have adequate computer skills to use the technology tools employed in virtual learning environments can feel isolated and be frustrated with the computer interfaces, which can result in diminished learning experiences and dissatisfaction. Virtual learning environments exist within two basic structures: learning management systems and virtual worlds.