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Training Packet

A training packet contains the materials that are used to train survey interviewers, either in general interviewing skills or for a specific survey project. The interviewer training packet is an important part of interviewer training and quality data collection. Interviewers often will use the training packet they receive throughout a study to review procedures, and thus it serves an important role in continuous, on-the-job training.

The entire research process relies upon well-trained, knowledgeable interviewers to ensure the success of a project and the integrity of the data. Managers who are tasked with training interviewers must prepare a thorough training curriculum and system to provide the interviewers with the necessary tools to carry out their duties in an ethical and quality-minded manner. Trainers must always keep in mind that many interviewers do not have formal academic experience with the research process. Thus, it is important that interviewer training not only discusses the techniques of interviewing but also the scientific objectives and ethical obligations of researchers. It should be the goal of every interviewing facility and field staff to standardize the interviewing process, which can be quite difficult considering the complexities of social interaction.

The following sections discuss the basic principles necessary for a thorough interviewer training packet and the content that is used to accomplish this.

Administrative

Typically, general training begins with an overview of the research organization and applicable administrative tasks. Administrative information includes time reporting, assignment logging, and work hour scheduling. The addition of an overview of the research firm provides interviewers with the “big picture” by showing them how they fit into the organization as well as the research process.

The Science of Social Research

The science of social research has come a long way in the past half century. It is imperative that interviewers have an understanding of research ethics and the scientific approach. Most interviewers will not be well versed in these ideas.

The research process begins with project development—that is, what and who are the researchers studying. Depending on the research firm, this could come from an outside client or from within the research organization. The second phase includes the development of the sampling methodology and the instrument (questionnaire) design. The third phase is data collection, which could be computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI), computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI), Web, or some other collection method. Data entry may also be included in this phase depending on the chosen data collection method. The final phase includes data reduction and analysis as well as reporting.

Interviewing

The following outlines important interviewing training topics that should be addressed in the training packet. It is important to note, some of these topics may only be relevant to certain types of interviewing modes, such as CATI or face-to-face (field) interviewing, but most are universally applicable.

Interviewer Bias

It is important to begin interviewer training with a discussion of interviewer bias. Interviewer bias is the altering of respondent answers due to interviewer actions. Interviewers should keep in mind that everything they say or do can affect respondents. They can lead respondents to answer a certain way or be less truthful. Interviewers should never give respondents any inclination as to what their own opinions may be; instead, they should maintain neutrality at all times.

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