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A parent-teacher conference is an interactive meeting between a parent and a teacher where the primary focus is on the child's academic, behavioral, emotional, psychological, or social functioning. Parents and teachers need to collaborate and keep the interest of the child as their main focus (Comer, 2003; Comer & colleagues, 1996; Dettmer & colleagues, 2002; Epstein, 1995). A parent-teacher conference can occur at any time of the school year to address the needs of the child or the concerns of a parent or a teacher. Conferences can also provide an opportunity for parents to talk with teachers about the progress their child is making in the classroom. Conferences, which are scheduled and conducted regularly with school personnel, provide a means for parents and teachers to discuss educational issues impacting the student (Bauer & Shea, 2003).

Parent-teacher conferences can be scheduled in a variety of ways. Two of the times when one can expect a parent-teacher conference are in the fall and the spring of the school year. In the fall, a parent-teacher conference provides parents with an opportunity to meet the teacher, tour the school, and understand the curriculum and expectations set forth for the specific grade or course. In the winter or early spring, a parentteacher conference provides the opportunity for parents and teachers to discuss the progress made by the student. This would also be a reasonable time to consider and begin to discuss any specific educational considerations for the next academic year.

Typical Reasons for the Parent-Teacher Meetings

There are many reasons why a parent-teacher conference might be scheduled. Students who do not make adequate academic progress or students who are experiencing academic, behavioral, emotional, psychological, or social concerns in the class or in the school are reasons why a parent-teacher conference might be scheduled. These conferences might be scheduled by the teacher to help a parent understand what is occurring in the classroom. The conferences might also be requested by the parent to express a concern or inquire about the progress made by the student. In some instances, a principal or other school administrator might call a conference with the parent or with the parent and the teacher to discuss academic, behavioral, emotional, psychological, or social issues the student is encountering.

Conference Expectations

For regularly scheduled parent-teacher conferences at the beginning of the school year or at the beginning of the semester, parents can expect to have an opportunity to meet individually with their child's teacher. This meeting can occur in the teacher's classroom, school conference room, or other available room within the school building. The teacher meets with the parent for the scheduled amount of time, which may range from 10 to 30 minutes. This time range will depend upon the issues that need to be discussed during the meeting. During this time, the parent and teacher can discuss the student's academic progress, address class or school issues, and examine behavior or social issues of interest or concern to the parent. Specific suggestions for the parents and the teachers are listed below for consideration.

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