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Colleges and universities engage in public relations to manage their relationships with key constituencies. Their public relations activities typically are divided into three areas: news, development activities, and alumni relations. The news function normally is part of a university news service housed under the rubric of university relations or external affairs; development, also called advancement, is located within an office of development, donor relations, or a university foundation; and alumni relations work is mostly conducted within an office of alumni affairs.

Much of the difficulty in managing public relations is the diverse constituencies to which a multifaceted educational institution must address and respond. Not only must a college or university deal with internal publics such as faculty, staff, and administrators, but it also must manage external constituents as broad and diverse as parents, alumni, trustees, clubs, civic and community leaders, business leaders, neighbors, athletic boosters, legislators, governmental agencies, unions, and accreditation agencies, as well as area employers who hire graduates. With such a task in mind, universities face a challenging public relations environment as they seek to create a distinct “brand” for their institution.

University Relations

The principal place where the public relations work of an educational institution is completed is in what is commonly called university relations. One of the major components of public relations is a university news service whose job it is to publicize the information that originates from the campus. University relations officials do this by responding to calls from media who need information, as well as fielding inquiries from the general public. This information takes the form of news releases and feature stories about significant events in a university's existence such as hiring a new president, common and regular occurrences like commencement ceremonies, as well as to publicize the newsworthy research efforts of faculty members.

As part of its news service, many universities also produce news calls—prepackaged news stories disseminated throughout a state or region that then are accessed by broadcasters. The benefit here is that radio stations get ready-made stories at little or no cost while universities generate publicity and institutional recognition. In addition to external efforts, university relations also seeks to communicate with internal publics through newsletters and other media. The chief spokesperson for the university is housed within a university relations department.

A second area of work in university relations is that of special events management. An educational institution is overwhelmed with special events—which can include major grant announcements, technology transfers, new building dedications, orientations, homecoming events, campus races, as well as major events like Centennial celebrations.

A third area of effort is graphic arts and Web design. Such work usually includes the control of the presentation of the institution's name and logo, project planning, design and layout assistance for the many places across campus that need brochures and other promotional materials, and a great deal of photography, whether documentary, news related, or an updating of the school's photo files. In addition, with the advent of information technology, the development of college and university Web pages normally falls under the purview of university relations.

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