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German Research Foundation
The German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft or DFG) is a central, self-governing research funding organization that promotes research at universities and other publicly financed research institutions in Germany. The organization is the largest external source of research funding for universities, specializing in the promotion of fundamental rather than applied sciences.
Members of the scientific community are in the majority in all decision-making bodies of the DFG. The honorary members of the review boards are elected by scientific and academic representatives of the member institutions. Characteristic for all funding programs of the DFG is the allocation of resources on the basis of research proposals. There are no direct research contracts, as for example with research funding awarded by the state. The DFG is the most important third-party funding agency for research in nanoscience in Germany, nanoscience being a field that is highly dependent on third-party funds for conducting research. Other relevant sources of funding in nanoscience are the VW and Thyssen Foundations, the Federal Ministry of Research (BMBF), other ministries, and also the European Union.
DFG Facts and Figures
The DFG was originally founded in 1920 as the “Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft” (Emergency Association of German Science); in 1949, it was reestablished under the same name. In 1951, it merged with the “Forschungsrat” (science council) and since then, has been called Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Legally, the DFG is a private association with its headquarters in Bonn. The DFG receives approximately 50 percent of its funds from the German central state (the Bund), the other 50 percent coming from the 16 federal states (the Länder). In addition, the Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft (the business community's innovation agency for the German science system) makes an annual contribution to the DFG's budget. In 2008, the DFG's budget was about 2.1 billion euros.
The budget has increased by 79 percent in the past 10 years. At the same time, the competition for the DFG's funds has risen considerably; for example, in 2007 only 38 percent of all project proposals in the Individual Grants Program were funded, compared to 46 percent in 1998. Currently, the DFG funds 22,000 research projects from all fields of science and the humanities with a variety of grant programs. In total, 97 percent of the DFG's budget goes directly to promoting research. It supports both individual and collaborative projects, awards research prizes, and funds scientific infrastructure projects. Increasingly, the DFG also acts as a consultant to government in questions concerning the science system.
- foundations
- research funding
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