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    Right into six.Right.Quick march![DRUM][MARCHING BAND PLAYING]

Marching bands are instrumental ensembles that perform music for a wide range of audiences. Emerging from their historical role of performing for ceremonial military and civilian events, marching band musicians are versatile and perform high levels of choreographic routines while playing their instruments. Bands are varied in size and form, reflecting their level of support, community involvement, and leadership. Sometimes, marching bands play supportive background music for events, whereas at other times they are the primary focus of an audience's attention.

Marching bands span a wide range of instrumentations that reflect their size and specialization. A typical marching band comprises traditional concert band brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments. Because a marching band performs while physically moving in an outdoor environment, some instruments, such as the oboe or bassoon, are not always employed. Similarly, some traditional concert band instruments are substituted with comparable instruments that are easier to play while marching, such as the use of the sousaphone in place of the tuba. Some bands have highly specialized instrumentation. Examples of this are drum line/drum corps, brass band, glockenspiel (bell lyre), pipe and drum (bag pipe), or massed hybrid ensembles. The varied instrumentation reflects the diversity of foci, resources, and abilities available to the ensemble and their musical goals. In addition to the performing musicians comprising the band, marching bands will have a leader, sometimes called a chief, director of music, drum major, or pipe major that issues commands and directs the ensemble.

The Tulane University Marching Band plays during the homecoming game in the Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, October 10, 2009. Marching band musicians serve an intrinsic role in energizing an audience and boosting morale by playing a school fight song, cheer, or other motivational music. At larger colleges and universities, a marching band can include hundreds of musicians.

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Military

Military marching bands serve many roles for their nation. As the largest employer of musicians in the United States, Canada, and many other countries, military marching bands offer a stable professional opportunity for the soldier musician. Military marching bands can vary in size and instrumentation. Some military music programs also employ singers, string musicians, and nonstandard concert band instruments (i.e., guitar, fife, bugle, and bag pipe) to diversify their musical performing skill set. As a highly visible face for the military, regardless of professional status, all military musicians serve a powerful public relations role to cultivate goodwill with the public, military, and civil authorities.

Although military command structure hierarchies vary from nation to nation, marching bands can be generally classified as either full-time (i.e., career musicians, or regular force), part-time (U.S. National Guard, or Reserves), recreational (volunteer/community band), or youth-focused (cadets). Because of the sheer size of the U.S. military, it has a hierarchy of professional military bands for each branch and level of service. This includes the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard. The higher-level military marching bands are comprised of auditioned musicians, and are typically based in Washington, D.C., a music academy, or other premier band postings. Other full-time marching bands offer extensive traveling and performing opportunities. The U.S. National Guard and Reserve bands are part-time career opportunities that can include some travel and performing opportunities.

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