Interpreters

Selecting an Interpreter

In most circumstances, a professional interpreter can provide the best and most accurate interpretation of meaning in the two languages. Professionals know that their role is to translate neutrally, without adding to or subtracting from the communication. Caution is required to ensure that the interpreter speaks the same language and possibly the same dialect as the client. For example, a Spanish-speaking interpreter from Argentina may not use the same phrasing, vocabulary, or colloquial expressions that an individual from rural Mexico uses. The difference in dialect may create confusion and lead to a feeling of distance or lack of understanding.

Laypeople, Friends, and Adult Family Members

Using laypeople, friends, or adult family members as interpreters may create problematic situations. Although laypeople may speak the native language, they may not have the specialized vocabulary or skills to convey the information accurately. Clinicians and others should consider the impact of involving others in the communication process. Adult family members [Page 271]may introduce the power structure of family dynamics into the interpreting situation. The family member may insert or omit information based on the nature of the relationship, clouding communication and judgment. Certain cultural groups may restrict the type of communication between males and females and between people of different ages. Although a friend or family member might be willing to interpret, the client may feel uncomfortable divulging personal details in front of that individual. In addition, individuals from collectivist cultures (e.g., Asian groups) wish to avoid bringing shame or undue attention to the family; therefore, using a friend or family member as an interpreter may alter the communication. The use of laypeople as interpreters should be limited to minimal forms of communication (e.g., setting appointments).

Children and Adolescents as Interpreters

Children learn new languages at a faster rate than adults and are often asked to interpret for adults. They may find the experience of interpreting stressful and uncomfortable because most lack sufficient linguistic and cognitive skills to provide adequate translation of concepts. They may filter communication based on the power relationships and lines of authority between adult and child, especially with a parent. Nevertheless, many parents and other relatives ask children and adolescents to translate because of the convenience of access. They interpret in a variety of settings and can translate a range of items from school notes to sophisticated tax forms. For some, as they become more adept at translating, they may act as the family representative, making decisions on behalf of the family, independently, or in consultation with the parents. They may feel a sense of pride and maturity at being able to interact proficiently with adults and convey information. Some studies have indicated that adolescents who have interpreted in the past report higher grade point averages and higher self-esteem. However, practitioners cannot know how accurately children or adolescents deliver communication, and therefore, it is unwise to rely on children or adolescents for important interpretation.

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