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A weblog (or blog) is a webpage format that allows people, either as individuals or as part of larger groups, to discuss issues and events by posting hyperlinks to and commenting on other Internet-based materials, including other blogs. Generally speaking, a blog consists of the author's (or authors') entries, arranged in reverse chronological order, as well as hyperlinks to other Internet-based materials mentioned in those entries. Blogs usually also feature an additional list of more permanent hyperlinks to other sources that the author believes to be relevant to potential readers (commonly referred to as the blogroll). Since the early 1990s, when blogs first appeared, three different types of journalistic significance have emerged: (1) those produced by individual citizens, such as Bluye Blog and Jon Swift; (2) those produced by professional journalists, such as Behind the News by Elisabeth Donovan and First Draft by Tim Porter; and (3) news media-hosted blogs produced by professional journalists, such as Ask the Editors by the Spokesman-Review and WE Blog by the Wichita Eagle. Given that most of the claims about the journalistic significance of blogs have centered around those produced by individuals, the following sections will briefly describe the two other types of blogs, followed by a more comprehensive discussion of citizen-produced blogs.

Private Blogs Produced by Professional Journalists

By the middle of the first decade of the 2000s, hundreds of professional journalists began to produce their own blogs, which they use, among other things, to publish the complete transcripts of interviews with sources, invite fact-checking of given stories, and solicit suggestions for future stories. Moreover, many professional journalists use such blogs to further comment on the topics of published or broadcast stories. This latter practice has not been without its problems, however. Indeed, a number of professional journalists have been reprimanded, or even fired, for crossing the line between news and views on their private blogs. For example, Steve Olafson, a longtime journalist at the Houston Chronicle, was fired after he had used his private blog to criticize local politicians he was assigned to cover at the Chronicle.

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A screen shot from the popular blog Wonkette, established in 2004, features irreverent political gossip concerning Washington, D.C., movers and shakers. Its first star editor, Ana Marie Cox, went on to become a political reporter for Time magazine, for which she covered John McCain in the 2008 presidential election.

Source:http://Wonkette.com, used by permission.

News Media–Hosted Blogs Produced by Professional Journalists

By the middle of the first decade of the 2000s, dozens of mainstream news organizations around the world began to host blogs produced by professional journalists, notably in the form of so-called editorial blogs and editorial board blogs. Such organizations as the BBC, CBS, the Guardian, the Los Angeles Times, and The New York Times have added editorial blogs to their online sites where senior editors explain editorial decisions; invite questions, comments, and feedback from readers and viewers; and respond to their concerns. Similarly, many newspapers, including the Dallas Morning News, the Sacramento Bee, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, the Spokesman-Review, and the Wichita Eagle, have added editorial board blogs to their online sites where members of the editorial board, either individually or as a collective, outline their ideas for upcoming editorials, discuss those ideas with interested readers, and respond to their comments on published editorials. While some papers, like the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, announce topics being considered for the next day's edition following their editorial board meetings each day, other papers, including the Dallas Morning News, invite reader comments as editorial topics are still being discussed by the editorial board.

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