Appendix B: Journalism Freedom: 1980&amp;#8211;2008 (Country Ratings from Freedom House) - Luxembourg

Christopher H.Sterling

doi:10.4135/9781412972048

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Appendix B: Journalism Freedom: 1980–2008 (Country Ratings from Freedom House) - Luxembourg

Author:
Christopher H. Sterling
In:Encyclopedia of Journalism
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412972048.n547
Subject:Journalism, Mass Communication

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Population (2010, proj.): 492,000

Gross National Income per Capita (current, 2006): $72,430

Date of Independence: 1839 (from the Netherlands)

Date of Last Constitution: October 17, 1868

A wealthy though tiny nation between Belgium, Germany and France, Luxembourg has a long tradition of free media that serve many outside of the country (Radio Luxembourg was one of the early international commercial services, starting in the 1930s). Privately owned daily papers publish in several languages. Electronic media ownership is highly concentrated. Internet use is widespread.

Historical Ratings