CQ Press Books - Encyclopedia of the First Amendment

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Topical Table of Contents

Concepts and Legal Terms

General

Compelling State Interest

Least Restrictive Means

Original Intent

Public Forum Doctrine

Related to Religion

Accommodationism and Religion

Benevolent Neutrality

Child Benefit Theory

Endorsement Test

Neutrality, Religion

Nonpreferentialism

Separation of Church and State

Wall of Separation

Related to Speech, Press, Assembly, or Petition

Ad Hoc Balancing

Advocacy of Illegal Conduct

As-applied Challenges

Bad Tendency Test

Captive Audience

Chilling Effect

Clear and Present Danger Test

Commercial Speech

Community Standards

Compelled Speech

Contempt of Court

Content Neutral

Corporate Speech

Counterspeech Doctrine

Criminal Defamation

Disclosure Requirements

Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell

Equal Time Rule

Express Advocacy

Expressive Conduct

Facial Challenges

Fairness Doctrine

Free Speech Zones

Government Speech Doctrine

Gravity of the Evil Test

Harmful to Minors Laws

Heckler’s Veto

Indecency and the Electronic Media

Libel and Slander

Marketplace of Ideas

Must-Carry Rules

Narrowly Tailored Laws

Neutral Reportage Privilege

Neutrality, Speech

Obscenity and Pornography

Preferred Position Doctrine

Prior Restraint

Public Figures and Officials

Publicity, Right of

Right to Respond

Safety Valve Theory

Scarcity Rationale

Secondary Effects Doctrine

Seditious Libel

Self-government Rationale

Speech and Debate Clause

Symbolic Speech

Time, Place and Manner Restrictions

Tolerance Theory

Unconstitutional Conditions

Vagueness

Viewpoint Discrimination

Controversial Works

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

American Aurora

Behind the Green Door

The Birth of a Nation

The Catcher in the Rye

The Chocolate War

The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence

The Devil in Miss Jones

The Last Temptation of Christ

Documents

Academic Bill of Rights

Attorney General’s List of Subversive Organizations

Carolene Products Footnote Four

Cato’s Letters

Classified Documents

Constitution of the Confederate States of America

Continental Congress: Declaration and Resolves

Continental Congress: Letter to the Inhabitants of the Province of Quebec

Declaration of Independence

Detached Memoranda

English Bill of Rights

Maryland Toleration Act of 1649

Mayflower Compact

“Memorial and Remonstrance”

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Pentagon Papers

State Constitutional Provisions on Expressive Rights

State Constitutional Provisions on Religion

Ten Commandments

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798

Virginia Declaration of Rights

Virginia Report of 1800

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Events

Banned Books Week

Berkeley Free Speech Movement

Chicago Seven Trial

Civil Rights Movement

Civil War, U.S.

Constitutional Convention of 1787

National Prayer Breakfast

Reformation, Protestant

Salem Witch Trials

Scopes Monkey Trial

Vietnam War

Governmental Entities and Activities

Attorney General’s Commission on Pornography

Congressional Investigations

Constitutional Amending Process

Established Churches in Early America

Federal Bureau of Investigation

Federal Communications Commission

Federal Radio Commission

Federal Theatre Project

Federal Trade Commission

Food and Drug Administration

House Un-American Activities Committee

President’s Task Force on Communications Policy

Securities and Exchange Commission

Groups and Organizations (Non-Religious)

Abolitionists and Free Speech

Adult Film Association of America

American Association of University Professors

American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression

American Center for Law and Justice

American Civil Liberties Union

American Friends Service Committee

American Library Association

American Nazi Party and Related Groups

American Society of Newspaper Editors

Americans United for Separation of Church and State

Anti-Federalists

Christian Legal Society

Citizens for Decent Literature

Commission on Obscenity and Pornography

Committee on Public Information

Communist Party of the United States

Electronic Frontier Foundation

Electronic Privacy Information Center

First Amendment Center

First Amendment Lawyers Association

First Amendment Project

Foundation for Individual Rights in Education

Free Expression Network

Free Speech League

Liberty Legal Institute

Media Institute

Media Law Resource Center

National Press Club

PEN American Center

People for the American Way

Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press

Rutherford Institute

Student Press Law Center

Students for a Democratic Society

Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression

Issues

Related to Religion

Aid to Parochial Schools

Aid to Religious Colleges and Universities

Animal Sacrifice

Autopsies and Treatment of the Dead

Blood Transfusions and Medical Care against Religious Beliefs

Clergy, Bans on Holding Office by

Conscientious Objection to Military Service

Faith-based Organizations and Government Aid

Graduation Speech Controversies

Holidays, Religious

In God We Trust

Intelligent Design

Prayer at Public Events

Prayer at Public School Events

Priest-Penitent Privilege

Public Buildings and Religious Use

Public Employees

Religious Discrimination

Religious Tests

School Vouchers

Student Activity Fees

Students, Rights of

Taxation of Religious Entities

Teachers, Rights of

Ten Commandments

Vatican City, U.S. Recognition of

Related to Speech, Press, Assembly, or Petition

Abortion Protests

Academic Freedom

Access to Courtrooms

Affirmative Action

Alcohol Advertising

Anonymous Speech

Attorney Advertising

Bumper Stickers

Cameras in the Courtroom

Campaign Regulation

Campus Speech Codes

Charitable Solicitation

Child Pornography

Confederate Flag

Confidential Sources

Congressional Investigations

Door-to-Door Solicitation

Flag Desecration

Foreign Languages, Right to Learn and Teach

Fortune Telling

Funeral Protests

Government Funding and Free Speech

Graduation Speech Controversies

Hair Length and Style

Headlight Flashing

Holocaust Denial

Judicial Campaign Speech

Libraries and Intellectual Freedom

Media Concentration

Media Exemption to Antitrust Laws

Membership Lists

Military Personnel, Rights of

Music Censorship

National Identification Cards

National Security

Noerr-Pennington Doctrine

Obscenity and Pornography

Pledge of Allegiance

Political Correctness

Political Parties

Political Patronage

Private Property, Expression on

Protests in Neighborhoods

Public Employees

Reporters’ Privilege

Specialty License Plates

Sports Logos and Mascots

Student Activity Fees

Students, Rights of

Taxation of Newspapers

Teachers, Rights of

Tobacco Advertising

Tort Liability of Religious Groups

Video Games

Wiretapping and Freedom of Expression

Laws and Proposed Laws

Pre-First Amendment

Copyright Act of 1790

De Scandalis Magnatum

Detached Memoranda

Maryland Toleration Act of 1649

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Old Deluder Satan Act of 1647

Printing Ordinance of 1643

Quebec Act of 1774

Stamp Act of 1765

1791–1899

Blaine Amendments

Christian Amendment

Comstock Act of 1873

Indian Appropriations Act of 1896

Morrill Anti-bigamy Act of 1862

1900–1950

Communications Act of 1934

Espionage Act of 1917

Hatch Act of 1939

McCarran Act of 1950

Smith Act of 1940

Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950

Taft-Hartley Act of 1947

Tillman Act of 1907

Wireless Ship Act of 1910

1951–2007

American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978 as Amended in 1994

Anti-Dial-a-Porn Act of 1989

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005

Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984

Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992

Child Online Protection Act of 1998

Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996

Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act of 1988

Child Protection Restoration and Penalties Enhancement Act of 1990

Communications Decency Act of 1996

Communist Control Act of 1954

Copyright Act of 1976

Deleting Online Predators Act

Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998

Dot Kids Implementation and Efficiency Act of 2002

Draft Card Mutilation Act of 1965

Equal Access Act of 1984

Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971

Flag Protection Acts of 1968 and 1989

Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act of 1994

Freedom of Information Act of 1966

Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of 2006

Free Flow of Information Act

International Religious Freedom Act of 1998

National Do Not Call Registry

Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996

Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation Act of 1977

Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act of 1969

Radio Act of 1912

Radio Act of 1927

Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993

Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000

Religious Liberty and Charitable Donation Protection Act of 1998

Telecommunications Act of 1996

USA Patriot Act of 2001

Workplace Religious Freedom Act

Media

Motion Picture Ratings

Public Television

Yellow Journalism

Methods of Interpretation

Critical Race Theory

Feminist Theory

Original Intent

People

Foreign Advocates of Freedoms

Mill, John Stuart

Priestley, Joseph

Sidney, Algernon

Tocqueville, Alexis de

Voltaire

Heads or Founders of Organizations

Breen, Joseph I.

Hoover, J. Edgar

O’Hair, Madalyn Murray

Palmer, A. Mitchell

Schroeder, Theodore

Journalists

Haynes, Charles C.

McMasters, Paul K.

Murrow, Edward R.

Policinski, Gene

Seigenthaler, John

Judges and Justices

Alito, Samuel A., Jr.

Blackmun, Harry A.

Brandeis, Louis D.

Brennan, William J., Jr.

Breyer, Stephen G.

Burger, Warren E.

Cardozo, Benjamin N.

Douglas, William O.

Frankfurter, Felix

Ginsburg, Ruth Bader

Goldberg, Arthur J.

Harlan, John Marshall, I

Harlan, John Marshall, II

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr.

Hughes, Charles Evans

Jackson, Robert H.

Kennedy, Anthony M.

Marshall, Thurgood

McConnell, Michael

Murphy, Francis W.

O’Connor, Sandra Day

Posner, Richard A.

Powell, Lewis F., Jr.

Rehnquist, William H.

Roberts, John G., Jr.

Roberts, Owen J.

Scalia, Antonin

Souter, David H.

Stevens, John Paul

Stewart, Potter

Stone, Harlan Fiske

Taft, William Howard

Thomas, Clarence

Vinson, Frederick M.

White, Byron R.

Wright, J. Skelly

Presidents

Adams, John Quincy

Jefferson, Thomas

Lincoln, Abraham

Nixon, Richard M.

Taft, William Howard

Washington, George

Reformers

Comstock, Anthony

Debs, Eugene V.

Religious Perspectives and Churches

Amish and Mennonites

Catholics, Roman

Christian Scientists

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Jehovah’s Witnesses

Native Americans

Religious Right

Seventh-day Adventists

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