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Limestone landforms (see karst) produced by biological activity. It can involve plants (phytokarst) or animals (zookarst). Most subaerial limestone rock surfaces are covered by a biofilm of micro-organisms that can erode the surface or enhance its corrosion by producing organic acids.

Stefan H.DoerrSwansea University
10.4135/9781446247501.n416

FordDC and WilliamsPW (2007) Karst hydrogeology and geomorphology,
2nd edition
. Chichester: Wiley.
VilesHA (1984) Biokarst: Review and prospect. Progress in Physical Geography8: 523543.
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