Community Linkages, Levels of

Networking

Networking, the first level of linkage, is defined as the sharing of information among organizations. For example, a networking group would meet to share relevant information on a specific topic (e.g., disaster relief, employment opportunities, or child care referrals). The purpose of networking is to provide an opportunity for dialogue and common understanding, to be a clearinghouse for information, and to create a base of support for a specific issue. The structure needed for a network to function effectively is flexibility; it should not be hierarchal and should have loosely defined roles, with the focus of providing links between organizations. The process involved within a network includes low-level leadership, minimal decision making, low conflict, and informal communication procedures.

Cooperation

The second level of linkage, cooperation, is defined as the matching and organizing of existing programs and services to meet identified needs. An example of cooperation is an association comprising multiple youth-serving organizations that meet to coordinate their services to ensure that there are a variety of opportunities for youth within the community. The purpose of cooperation is to match needs, limit duplication of services, and ensure that tasks are completed. The structure required for cooperation includes a central communication hub and semiformal links between organizations. Roles within the group should be somewhat defined, and the group should work together to leverage and raise money. The process needed for cooperation requires facilitative leadership, complex decision making, and formal communication among the central body of participating organizations. Within this level of linkage, there will be some, albeit minimal, conflict.

...