Entry
Entries A-Z
Subject index
Reader's Guide
This list is provided to assist readers in locating entries on related topics. It classifies entries into eighteen general topical categories: Concepts and Theories; Fine Arts, Theater, and Entertainment; Health and Education; History and Heritage; Literature; Media; Movements and Events; Music and Dance; Organizations and Institutions; Places; Politics and Policy; Popular Culture; Religion and Beliefs; the Road to Freedom; Science, Technology, and Business; Social Issues; Special Populations; and Sports. Some entry titles appear in more than one category.
- Concepts and Theories
- Accommodationism
- Biracialism
- Black Aesthetic
- Black Capitalism
- Black Consciousness
- Black Manifesto
- Buppies
- Colonialism
- Colonization
- Colorism
- Debt Peonage
- Double Consciousness
- Ebonics
- Entrepreneurs, Black
- Feminism
- Great White Hope, The
- Identity
- Integration, School
- Intermarriage
- Jack & Jill of America, Inc.
- Marxism
- Migration
- Miscegenation
- Mis-Education of the Negro, The
- “Miss Ann”
- Mojo
- Mulatto
- Negro
- “Nigger”
- Pan-Africanism
- Political Status
- Poll Tax
- Race
- Race Theory
- Racial Violence
- Reparations
- Sambo Stereotype
- Sanctified Church
- Signifying
- Slavery, Economic System of
- Stereotypes
- Uncle Tom
- Fine Arts, Theater, and Entertainment
- Academy Awards
- Actors and Actresses
- Architecture
- Art, Visual
- Birth of a Nation, The
- Black Arts Movement
- Black Theatre Alliance
- Cosby, William Henry
- Dandridge, Dorothy
- Davis, Miles
- Davis, Ossie, and Ruby Dee
- Emmy Awards
- Entertainment Industry
- Film
- Fine Arts
- Gregory, Dick
- Harlem Renaissance
- Lee, Spike
- McDaniel, Hattie
- Micheaux, Oscar
- National Black Theater
- Poitier, Sidney
- Roots: The Saga of an African American Family
- Slave Baskets
- Slave Pottery
- Slave Wrought Iron Decorations
- Television
- Theater
- Theater Owners Booking Agency (TOBA)
- Tyson, Cicely
- Health and Education
- Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority
- Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity
- American Negro Academy
- Antioch College
- Black Studies
- Busing
- Carson, Benjamin
- Carver, George Washington
- Child Care
- Cooper, Anna Julia
- Delta Sigma Theta Sorority
- Desegregation, School
- Doctoral Degrees
- Education, Industrial
- Educational Attainment
- Franklin, John Hope
- Gates, Henry Louis, Jr.
- Greener, Richard Theodore
- Grimké, Charlotte Forten
- Harlem Writers Guild
- Head Start
- Health
- Historically Black Colleges and Universities
- HIV/AIDS
- Hospitals, Black
- Houston, Charles Hamilton
- Howard University
- Integration, School
- Intelligence Tests
- Iota Phi Theta Fraternity
- Ivy League
- Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity
- Lincoln University
- Literacy
- Little Rock Central High School
- Midwives
- Mis-Education of the Negro, The
- Morehouse College
- National Medical Association
- Nursing
- Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
- Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity
- Physicians and Medicine
- Schomberg Center for Research in Black Culture
- Segregation, School
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority
- Sipuel v. Board of Regents
- Title IX
- Tuskegee Institute
- United Negro College Fund
- Washington, Booker T.
- West, Cornell
- Wilson, William Julius
- Zeta Phi Beta Sorority
- History and Heritage
- Abolition
- African Heritage
- African Independence
- African Meeting House
- African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AMEZ) Church, The
- African Missionary Movement
- American Anti-Slavery Society
- American Colonization Society
- American Negro Academy
- Amistad, The
- Amos ‘n’ Andy Show
- Anti-Lynching Bill
- Apollo Theater
- Atlanta Riot of 1906
- Attica Uprising
- Attucks, Crispus
- Back to Africa Movement
- Banneker, Benjamin
- Birth of a Nation, The
- Black Codes
- Black Nationalism
- Black Power Movement
- Bondwoman's Narrative, The
- Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, The
- Brown Babies
- Brown v. Board of Education
- Buffalo Soldiers
- Chesnutt, Charles Waddell
- Chicago Defender
- Chicago Riots of 1919
- Chicago Seven
- Civil Rights Act of 1875
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Civil Rights Congress, The
- Civil War, The
- Colonial Critics of Slavery
- Colonialism
- Colonization
- Compromise of 1850
- Confederate Soldiers, Black
- Crisis, The
- Debt Peonage
- Douglass, Frederick
- Draft Riot of 1863
- Dred Scott v. Sandford
- Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Equiano, Olaudah
- Executive Order 8802 (1941)
- Executive Order 9981 (1948)
- Eyes on the Prize
- Federal Writers' Project
- Fifteenth Amendment
- Fifty-Fourth Regiment, The
- Fourteenth Amendment
- Franklin, John Hope
- Free African Society
- Free Blacks, Antebellum
- Freedman's Bank
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Freedom's Journal
- Freedom Riders
- French and Indian War
- Fugitive Slave Laws
- Fugitive Slaves
- Fur Trade
- Gangs
- Garvey, Marcus
- Great Depression, The
- Great Migration, The
- Harlem Renaissance
- Harlem Riots (1935, 1943, 1964)
- Hemings, Sally
- Henry, John
- Hughes, Langston
- Hurston, Zora Neale
- Jim Crow
- Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
- Kwanzaa
- Liberator, The
- Lynching
- Mexican-American War
- Middle Passage
- Missouri Compromise of 1820
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
- Nat Turner's Rebellion
- National Underground Railroad Museum, The
- Negro Leagues
- New York Slave Rebellion
- Niagara Movement
- North Star, The
- Parks, Rosa
- Persian Gulf War
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- Poll Tax
- Prince Hall Masons
- Protest, Nonviolent
- Race Riots
- Randolph, Asa Philip
- Reconstruction
- Reparations
- Revolutionary War, African American Participation in
- Rosewood Riot of 1923
- Scottsboro Incident
- Sit-In Movement
- Slave Narratives
- Slave Revolts
- Slave Trade
- Slavery, Economic System of
- Slavery, Origins of
- Slavery, Political History of
- Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
- Spanish-American War
- Stono Rebellion of 1739
- Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
- Thirteenth Amendment
- Till, Emmett
- Transatlantic Slave Trade
- Truth, Sojourner
- Tubman, Harriet
- Tuskegee Airmen
- Tuskegee Experiment, The
- Tuskegee Institute
- Uncle Tom
- Underground Railroad
- Urbanization in New York City, Early
- Vietnam War, The
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- Washington, Booker T.
- Western Settlement
- Wheatley, Phillis
- Women's Suffrage Movement
- Work Songs
- World War I
- World War II
- Literature, Early
- American Book Awards
- American Negro Theater
- Amsterdam News
- Angelou, Maya
- Baldwin, James
- Bambara, Toni Cade
- Baraka, Amiri
- Bearden, Romare
- Bondwoman's Narrative, The
- Bontemps, Arna Wendell
- Brooks, Gwendolyn
- Brown, William Wells
- Chesnutt, Charles Waddell
- Cuffe, Paul
- Cullen, Countee
- Dunbar, Paul Laurence
- Ellison, Ralph
- Equiano, Olaudah
- Federal Writers' Project
- Fiction, Modern
- Gates, Henry Louis, Jr.
- Giovanni, Yolande Cornelia “Nikki”
- Hansberry, Lorraine
- Harlem Writers Guild
- Harper, Frances Watkins Hooks, bell
- Hughes, Langston
- Hurston, Zora Neale
- Jacobs, Harriet Ann
- Johnson, James Weldon
- Larsen, Nella
- Literature, Early
- Lorde, Audre
- McMillan, Terry
- Morrison, Toni
- National Book Award
- New Negro, The
- Nobel Prize
- Painting
- Playwrights
- Poetry
- Poets Laureate
- Pulitzer Prize
- Shange, Ntozake
- Short Story, The
- Slave Folktales
- Slave Narratives
- Spingarn Medal
- Truth, Sojourner
- Uncle Tom's Cabin
- Walker, Alice
- West, Cornel
- Wheatley, Phillis
- Wilson, August
- Wright, Richard
- Media
- Amos ‘n’ Andy Show
- Apollo Theater
- Black Enterprise
- Black Entertainment Television (BET)
- Black History Month
- Black Periodicals
- Black World/Negro Digest
- Brown, Tony
- Chicago Defender
- Crisis, The
- Ebony
- Freedom's Journal
- Graves, Earl G.
- Guardian, The
- Jet
- Journal of Negro History, The
- Journalism
- Liberator, The
- Media, Black
- NAACP Image Awards
- National Association of Black Journalists
- National Black Radio Network
- Pittsburgh Courier
- Radio
- Walker, David
- Movements and Events
- Abolition
- African Missionary Movement
- Afrocentric Movement
- Attica Uprising
- Back to Africa Movement
- Black Arts Movement
- Black Expo, Indianapolis
- Black History Month
- Black Nationalism
- Black Panther Party
- Black Power Movement
- Black Studies
- Bread Riot
- Bud Billikin Parade
- Chicago Riots of 1919
- Civil Rights Congress, The
- Civil Rights Movement
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Draft Riots of 1863
- French and Indian War
- Gay and Lesbian Movement
- Great Depression, The
- Harlem Riots (1935, 1943, 1964)
- Islam, Nation of
- Juneteenth
- King, Martin Luther, Jr., National Holiday
- Korean War
- Kwanzaa
- Labor Movement
- Leadership Conference on Civil Rights
- Los Angeles Riots
- Lynching
- March on Washington, The
- Mardi Gras Parade
- Migration
- Million Man March
- Million Woman March
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
- New Negro, The
- New York Slave Rebellion
- Niagara Movement
- Olympic Games of 1936
- Olympic Games of 1968
- Operation Breadbasket
- Pan-Africanism
- Pentecostalism
- Political Movements
- Poor People's March
- Poverty, War on
- Race Riots
- Red Summer
- Sit-In Movement
- Slave Revolts
- Stono Rebellion of 1739
- TransAfrica Forum
- Tulsa Race Riot of 1921
- Uprisings, Racial
- Watch Night
- Watts Riot
- Welfare Rights Movement
- Western Settlement
- Williams, Robert
- Women's Club Movement
- Women's Suffrage Movement
- Music and Dance
- Ailey, Alvin
- Anderson, Marian
- Armstrong, Louis
- Atlantic Records
- Baker, Josephine
- Basie, William “Count”
- Battle, Kathleen
- Bebop
- Blues
- Boogie-Woogie
- Cakewalk, The
- Charles, Ray
- Charleston, The
- Coltrane, John
- Dance, African American Influence on
- Dance Theatre of Harlem
- Delta Blues
- Ellington, Edward “Duke”
- Fisk Jubilee Singers
- Fitzgerald, Ella
- Gillespie, John Birks “Dizzy”
- Gospel Music
- Gospel Music Workshop of America
- Grammy Awards
- Hip-Hop
- Holiday, Billie
- Jackson, Mahalia
- Jazz
- Joplin, Scott
- Minstrelsy
- Morganfield, McKinley (Muddy Waters)
- Motown Historical Museum
- Music, Concert/Classical
- Music, Country
- Music, Popular
- Music Industry, Modern
- National Convention of Gospel Choirs and Choruses, Inc.
- New Orleans Jazz
- Opera, African Americans in
- Paige, Leroy Robert (“Satchel”)
- Parker, Charlie
- R&B Groups, Female
- R&B Groups, Male
- Race Records
- Ragtime Music
- Rainey, Gertrude “Ma”
- Rap Music
- Robeson, Paul
- Shakur, Tupac
- Slave Spirituals
- Smith, Bessie
- Soul Music
- Soul Train
- Stepping
- Tap Dance
- Wallace, Christopher
- Work Songs
- Organizations and Institutions
- Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority
- Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity
- Baptist Church Organization
- Black Women Mayors' Caucus
- Blue Vein Society
- Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, The
- Colored Intercollegiate Athletic Association
- Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Council on African Affairs
- Delta Sigma Theta Sorority
- Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
- Fair Employment Practices Committee
- Free African Society
- Freedman's Bank
- Masons, The Fraternal Order of
- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
- Mutual Benefit Societies
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
- National Association of Black Journalists
- National Association of Colored Women
- National Baptist Convention, The
- National Bar Association
- National Black Theater
- National Coalition of 100 Black Women
- National Convention of Gospel Choirs and Choruses, Inc.
- National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
- National Federation of Afro-American Women
- National League for the Protection of Colored Women
- National Medical Association
- National Organization of Black Elected Legislative Women
- National Welfare Rights Organization
- Negro Life and History, Association for the Study of
- New England Anti-Slavery Society
- New York Manumission Society
- Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP)
- Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
- Operation PUSH
- Organization of African Unity
- Organization of Afro-American Unity
- Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity
- Prince Hall Masons
- Rainbow Coalition
- Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
- Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Southern Negro Youth Congress
- Southwestern Athletic Conference
- Supreme Court, U.S.
- United Nations
- Universal Negro Improvement Association
- Urban League, National
- U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
- Zeta Phi Beta Sorority
- Places
- African Meeting House
- Baltimore
- Black Belt
- Cotton Club
- Cabrini-Green Housing Projects
- Chicago South Side
- Civil Rights Museum, National
- District of Columbia
- Five Points Area, Denver
- Harlem
- Inner City
- King, Martin Luther, Jr., Center for Nonviolent Social Change
- Lockfield Garden, Indianapolis
- Motown Historical Museum
- Museums of African American Culture and History
- National Underground Railroad Museum, The
- Schomberg Center for Research in Black Culture
- Seneca Village
- Shotgun Houses
- Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
- Politics and Policy
- Affirmative Action
- Anti-Lynching Bill
- Atlanta Compromise
- Black Codes
- Black Panther Party
- Bradley, Tom
- Brooke, Edward William, III
- Bunche, Ralph Johnson
- Busing
- Cabinet, U.S. Presidential
- Canada and African Americans
- Capital Punishment
- Census, U.S.
- Chisholm, Shirley
- Civil Rights Act of 1875
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Civil Service
- Communism
- Compromise of 1850
- Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Conservatives, Black
- Constitutional Law
- Criminal Sentencing of African Americans
- Davis, Angela
- Dred Scott v. Sandford
- Elected Officials
- Evers, Medgar Wylie
- Executive Order 8802 (1941)
- Executive Order 9981 (1948)
- Farrakhan, Louis
- Fair Employment Practices Committee
- Fair Housing Act
- Foreign Policy
- Fugitive Slave Laws
- Garvey, Marcus
- Greener, Richard Theodore
- Graves, Earl G.
- Great Society
- Griggs v. Duke Power
- Hamer, Fannie Lou
- Hatcher, Richard
- Higginbotham, A. Leon
- Hill-Thomas Hearings
- Homestead Act of 1862
- Immigration
- Incarceration
- Jackson, Jesse
- Jim Crow
- Jordan, Barbara
- Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
- King, Coretta Scott
- King, Martin Luther, Jr.
- King, Martin Luther, Jr., Center for Nonviolent Social Change
- Lynching
- Malcolm X
- Marshall, Thurgood
- Marxism
- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
- Missouri Compromise of 1820
- National Organization of Black Elected Legislative Women
- New Deal, African Americans and the
- Norton, Eleanor Holmes
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- Political Status
- Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr.
- Powell, Colin L.
- Profiling, Racial
- Public Housing
- Reconstruction
- Redlining
- Reparations
- Restrictive Covenants
- Rice, Condoleezza
- Robinson, Randall
- Segregation, Urban
- Sipuel v. Board of Regents
- Slaves, Punishment of
- Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
- Sullivan, Leon
- Thirteenth Amendment
- Thomas, Clarence
- Urban Renewal
- U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- Wilder, L. Douglas
- Wilkins, Roy
- Wilson, William Julius
- Young, Andrew
- Popular Culture
- Academy Awards
- “Baad Nigger”
- Baraka, Amiri
- Barbershop Culture
- Beauty Pageants
- Bid Whist
- Break Dancing
- Buppies
- Cooking, Regional
- Dominoes
- Double Dutch
- Dozens
- Family, African American
- Family Reunions
- Fashion and Clothing
- Gambling, Illegal
- Gospel Drama
- Graffiti
- Great White Hope, The
- Hair, African American
- Henry, John
- Hip-Hop
- Identity
- Minstrelsy
- “Mister Charlie”
- Mojo
- “Nigger”
- O. J. Simpson Trial
- Rastafarianism
- Rent Parties
- Roots: The Saga of an African American Family
- Protest Humor
- Quilting
- Slave Baskets
- Slave Burial Customs
- Slave Folktales
- Slave Pottery
- Slave Spirituals
- Slave Wrought Iron Decorations
- Suppers, Saturday Night
- Television
- Tricksters
- Urban Legends
- Walker, Madam C. J.
- Weddings
- Religion and Beliefs
- African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, The
- African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AMEZ) Church, The
- Baha'i Faith
- Baptism, Rite of
- Baptist Church Organization
- Black Baptist Church
- Black Christianity
- Catholics, African American
- Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, The
- Church of God in Christ, The
- Clergy
- Funeral Rites
- Hebrews, Black
- Henson, Josiah
- Islam
- Islam, Nation of
- Muhammad, Elijah
- Muslims, Black
- National Baptist Convention, The
- Pentecostalism
- Preaching
- Rastafarianism
- Religious Affiliations
- Sanctified Church
- Santeria
- Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
- Slave Burial Customs
- Slave Worship Practices
- Soul
- Sullivan, Leon
- Theology, Black
- Tricksters
- Voodoo
- The Road to Freedom
- Abolition
- African Independence
- American Anti-Slavery Society
- American Colonization Society
- Atlanta Riot of 1906
- Bethune, Mary McLeod
- Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, The
- Brown, William Wells
- Brown v. Board of Education
- Carmichael, Stokely
- Civil Rights Act of 1875
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Civil Rights Movement
- Civil War, The
- Delany, Martin
- Douglass, Frederick
- Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Eyes on the Prize
- Fifteenth Amendment
- Fourteenth Amendment
- Free Blacks, Antebellum
- Freedom Riders
- Freedom's Journal
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Grimké, Charlotte Forten
- Hamer, Fannie Lou
- Hatcher, Richard
- Henson, Josiah
- Houston, Charles Hamilton
- King, Martin Luther, Jr.
- Liberator, The
- Malcolm X
- Nat Turner's Rebellion
- North Star, The
- Parks, Rosa
- Protest, Nonviolent
- Randolph, Asa Philip
- Robinson, Randall
- Slave Wrought Iron Decorations
- Slavery, Political History of
- Terrell, Mary Church
- Tubman, Harriet
- Underground Railroad
- Vesey, Denmark
- Williams, Robert
- Science, Technology, and Business
- Automobile Industry
- Banking and Finance
- Brimmer, Andrew
- Business
- Carson, Benjamin
- Carver, George Washington
- Coal Mining
- Construction Industry
- Coleman, Elizabeth “Bessie”
- Entrepreneurs, Black
- Jemison, Mae
- Lewis, Reginald F.
- Railroads
- Science and Invention
- Steelworkers
- Thomas, Franklin Augustine
- Walker, Madam C. J.
- Wall Street, Black
- Social Issues
- Accommodationism
- Adoption
- Adoption, Transracial
- Affirmative Action
- Alexander, Sadie Tanner Mossell
- Black Consciousness
- Black Manifesto
- Busing
- Capital Punishment
- Children's Defense Fund
- Crime, Black-on-Black
- Criminal Justice System
- Criminal Sentencing of African Americans
- Desegregation, School
- Discrimination
- Dozens
- Drug Trade
- Drug Use
- Family Reunions
- Homeownership, African American
- Immigration
- Military Life
- Miscegenation
- Occupations
- Police Brutality
- Prison Reform, African Americans and
- Public Housing
- Racial Attitudes
- Racial Violence
- Segregation, Residential
- Segregation, School
- Suburbanization
- Underclass
- Unemployment
- Wealth, African American
- Welfare Rights Movement
- Special Populations
- Academicians
- Activists
- Adoption, Transracial
- African Blood Brotherhood
- Africans and African Americans
- Ambassadors, U.S
- Asian Americans and African Americans
- Astronauts
- Athletes
- Buffalo Soldiers
- Cabinet, U.S. Presidential
- Caribbean Americans and African Americans
- Catholics, African American
- Clergy
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Confederate Soldiers, Black
- Congress, African Americans in
- Conservatives, Black
- Cowboys, Black
- Creole
- Domestic Workers
- Expatriates
- Explorers
- Farmers
- Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), African Americans and
- Five Percent Nation
- Fugitive Slaves
- Gangs
- Haitians and African Americans
- Hebrews, Black
- Hispanic Americans and African Americans
- Intellectuals, Black
- Italian Americans and African Americans
- Jewish Americans and African Americans
- Judiciary
- Law Enforcement and Public Safety, African Americans in
- Lawyers
- Mayors
- Middle Class, Black
- Miners
- Muslims, Black
- Native Americans and African Americans
- Opera, African Americans in
- Republican Party
- Revolutionary War, African American Participation in
- Sailors
- Seminoles, Black
- Slaveowners, African American
- Spanish-American War
- Steelworkers
- Talented Tenth, The
- Tuskegee Airmen
- Underclass
- Zulu Nation
- Sports
- Ali, Muhammad
- Ashe, Arthur
- Athletes
- Baseball
- Basketball
- Bayou Classic, The
- Boxing
- Colored Intercollegiate Athletic Association
- Football
- Golden Gloves, The
- Golf
- Harlem Globetrotters
- Horse Racing
- Johnson, John Arthur “Jack”
- Louis, Joe
- Negro Leagues
- Olympic Games of 1936
- Olympic Games of 1968
- Olympics
- Owens, Jesse
- Robinson, Frank
- Robinson, Jack Roosevelt “Jackie”
- Robinson, Sugar Ray
- Rucker Basketball Tournament, Harlem
- Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Southwestern Athletic Conference
- Sports
- Tennis
- Track and Field
- Women and Sports
- Woods, Eldrick “Tiger”
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