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Longitudinal versus Cross-Sectional Data
The former are collected at two or more points in time. Cross-sectional data are collected at one time. For example, in a cross-sectional study concerning the effects of age, three different groups of individuals could be surveyed in the year 2010: 20-, 25-, and 30-year-olds. In a longitudinal study, individuals would be surveyed first when they were 20 years old (in 2010); the same individuals would again be surveyed when they were 25 (in 2015) and 30 (in 2020) years old.
10.4135/9781412972024.n1495
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