Castration, Chemical

A medical procedure that eliminates testosterone production. Surgical castration, which is viewed unfavorably in the United States, is the removal of the testes to stop the production of sex hormones. It was often used during the eugenics movement in the early 20th century to sterilize criminals or individuals thought to be feebleminded. Today, castration is a form of punishment or serves as a treatment alternative to incarceration for sexual offenders. In chemical castration, sexual offenders are given large doses of anti-androgens, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), commonly known as Depo Provera. The administration of the weekly injectable hormone decreases sexual desire, urges, thoughts, and almost all ability to engage in sexual activity. Although participation is voluntary, refusal to submit to treatment can result in probation revocation or a lengthy prison term. Side effects can include weight gain, impotence, lowered sperm count, nausea, hypertension, labored breathing, and so forth.