Summary
Contents
Subject index
“This book is well-written, well-organized, and presented in a rational and systematic manner. The subject matter of the book is well-grounded in theory and a superb analysis of the literature is presented. The literature review is comprehensive, well-integrated, and provides a substantive synthesis of a voluminous body of published material. It makes important contributions to professional supervision practice and research in human service organizations.”
—Roosevelt Wright, Jr., Ph.D., University of Oklahoma
“Graduate students, upper level undergraduate students, and college-educated practitioners would find this text both accessible and interesting. The discussion questions at the ends of the chapters are very helpful in further allowing immediate application of the ideas that were presented. It is a well-designed and well-written text.”
—Miriam Johnson, University of South Carolina
Supervision as Collaboration in the Human Services: Building a Learning Culture integrates the latest thinking in the human services to provide supervisors and those preparing to become supervisors with a new approach to the important skills and knowledge needed for effective practice in the 21st century. While it builds upon past efforts to define the principles and practices of supervision in the human services, it seeks to chart new territory that reflects the changing nature of organizational life. Supervision as Collaboration in the Human Services uses a framework that features the key aspects of a learning culture, the process of organizational learning, and the roles that supervisors can play in transforming traditional human service organizations into learning organizations. Chapter authors are authorities in their respective areas of practice and have shaped their chapters around this framework.
The editors have divided the experientially focused chapters into sections that feature the collaborative and interactional nature of supervision, the managerial nature of the supervisory role, the analytic nature of supervisory practice, and the unique practice settings that affect the nature of supervision. The chapters include case vignettes and discussion questions.
This book is ideally suited as an essential core text for graduate and undergraduate students of social work and counseling, as well as a much-needed reference for human services supervisors and practitioners.
The Supervisor in Aging Services
The Supervisor in Aging Services
What makes supervising gerontological practice different is that the clients served not only could be, but will be, us.
With the rapid growth in the population of older adults and the growing diversity of this population in the United States, human services workers are called on to serve the complex needs of many older adults and their family members. A well-trained and experienced workforce is needed for optimal service delivery, yet there is a shortage of social workers and other professionals with formal educational preparation in aging (Scharlach, Simon & Del Santo, 2002; Stone, 2000). This creates many challenges for agencies and supervisors, who themselves may have minimal or no preparation for dealing with the older adult population, to foster a learning environment for that group of workers increasingly called upon to serve the rapidly growing numbers of the elderly.
There are rich opportunities for supervisors to create a learning environment that addresses the myriad needs of workers who serve older adults and their families and to improve the quality of care. One main feature of supervision in gerontological settings is the crucial need to educate, train, or reorient new and experienced workers to address the growing population of elderly. At the same time, many older adults are served in settings that are not age-specific organizations (e.g., hospitals, mental health centers). Therefore, knowledge of the characteristics of the older adult population and the complex systems of care that they and their families must navigate, as well as methods of working in teams, are all essential dimensions of providing high-quality care to older adults (Damron-Rodriguez & Corley, 2003).
In this chapter, an overview of the demographic and service delivery challenges is presented, followed by a description of settings and roles for workers in older adult services. Next, key issues in supervision are discussed in terms of program development and also in terms of the creation of supportive work environments. Two cases are included to illustrate the complexity of challenges supervisors can face.
Demographic Challenges
Two intersecting challenges require the attention of educators of health and human service professionals and of those responsible for establishing minimum qualifications for managers of aging programs. These are (a) the lack of consistent requirements related to essential knowledge, skills, and experience for those who supervise service professionals and (b) a lack of substantive familiarity with the nuances of the aging process (e.g., the dimensions that distinguish diverse cohorts of the older adult population). Taken together, these challenges often require reliance on the expertise of selected individuals with gerontology experience if outcomes based on sound clinical evidence are to be achieved.
For decades, gerontologists have been forewarning those in positions of influence in all sectors of our society that the aging of our population will result not just in an increase in the need for health and human services for older persons but in the need for a larger pool of workers. At the same time, gerontologists have long suggested that older persons are resources with invaluable knowledge and skills that have yet to be adequately tapped (Fyock, 1990). In an early examination of the aging workforce, Fyock (1990) pointed to research that found that chronological age per se is a poor predictor of physical or mental ability. Interestingly, a study reported in 2000 about Americans’ perceptions of old age and of older persons found that a third of persons 70 + years old saw themselves as “middle-aged” (National Council on Aging, 2000).
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