Unarmed self-defense involves protecting one's physical and psychological safety against assault, without the use of weapons or external devices. Assault can be verbal or physical (with sexual assault considered a type of physical assault). The same is true for self-defense; verbal self-defense techniques might include the use of clear directive language, de-escalation, lying, and getting others’ attention and assistance. Physical self-defense techniques include using one's body to strike, kick, or hit another person, as well as a strong and confident body posture, hand gestures, and facial expressions.

Self-defense is one way that women can protect themselves against violence, and there is a critical need for protection, since violence against women is a global health problem. Increasingly, self defense is seen as a viable strategy for combating ...