SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of War & American Society

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Ultra and Enigma

In: Encyclopedia of War & American Society
Edited by: Peter Karsten
Subject:Conflict, International Security (general), American Foreign Policy

In the early 1920s a German manufacturer advertised an enciphering machine that it declared unbreakable. The machine, called the Enigma, used a series of rotors and electrical plugs to encipher a message before transmission. The operator would type what was to ...

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  Karsten, P. (2005). Ultra and enigma. In Encyclopedia of war & American society (Vol. 1, pp. 853-855). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952460.n295
  
  Karsten, Peter. "Ultra and Enigma." In Encyclopedia of War & American Society, edited by Karsten, Peter, 853-55. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952460.n295.
  
  Karsten, P. 2005. Ultra and Enigma. In: Peter Karsten Editor, 2005. Encyclopedia of War & American Society, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 853-855 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952460.n295> [Accessed 30 Sep 2022].
  
  Karsten, Peter. "Ultra and Enigma." Encyclopedia of War & American Society. Edited by Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2005, pp. 853-55. SAGE Knowledge. 30 Sep 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952460.n295.
  
  Karsten, Peter (2005). Ultra and enigma In:Ultra and enigma Encyclopedia of war & American society Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2005:853-855. doi:10.4135/9781412952460.n295
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