In the mid-1990s, the study of literacy expanded into what has been termed multiliteracies. This reconceptualization recognizes the cultural diversity of language and the ways in which literacy acts as a social practice (LSP). Rather than a single literacy with a uniform set of basic or technical skills, literacies include multicultural uses of texts to get things done in everyday life. Every site of learning, whether in school or out of school, is a unique cultural context with particular social practices (including literacies) that are valued among people. Thus, what counts as literacy varies from place to place, producing multiliteracies with a range of symbolic expertise that shapes who gets access and who is allowed to be a literacy user and full participant in a ...