The category of attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders includes attention-related disorders that feature symptoms of inattentiveness, hyperactivity, or inability to control impulsive behaviors (such as verbally interrupting others), as well as behavior-specific disorders related to conduct, defiance, and verbal aggression. In the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), behavior disorders were grouped under the classification of disorders usually diagnosed in infancy, early childhood, or adolescence. The fifth edition of the manual (DSM-5), published in 2013, includes some changes to general classifications and specific diagnoses; for example, the updated manual lists attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a neurodevelopmental disorder, and disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders (CDs) appear in a separate category.

Prevalence rates for ADHD are estimated at 5% among children and ...