The term gender dysphoria (GD) refers to distress about one’s biologic sex or assigned gender. GD also refers to both an overarching diagnostic category and a set of specific diagnoses in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). A diagnosis of GD can be given to [Page 1527]persons who feel persistent discomfort about their biologic sex or gender assignment and who experience clinically significant distress or functional impairment as a result. Diagnosis is based on the clinician’s judgment about whether the patient fulfills the specific diagnostic criteria set forth in the DSM-5. There are two principal types of GD described in the DSM-5: (1) GD in children and (2) GD in adolescents and adults. Each of these diagnoses ...