Strata
In: Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods
Strata
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963947.n553
Subject: Survey Research
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Strata in stratified sampling are distinct subsets of all entries on a sampling frame. These subsets are strategically defined by one or more stratification variables to improve the statistical quality of findings for the population as a whole or for important population subgroups. Once strata are formed and the sample is allocated among strata, stratified sampling is accomplished by randomly selecting a sample within each stratum.
Sampling strata may be formed explicitly from a list of population members or as a part of the selection process in individual stages of a cluster sample. Strata may also be considered “implicit” when the frame is sorted by variables that could otherwise define strata, and sampling is done in each of a set of groups of neighboring entries throughout ...
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