THE SLOAN—KETTERING INSTITUTE (SKI) was founded in New York City in 1945 by industrialists Alfred P. Sloan and Charles F. Kettering. In 1980, SKI, Memorial Hospital, and the Memorial Sloan—Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) were unified into a single institution, for which SKI serves as the research arm. The focus of SKI is basic science research and translation of scientific advances into effective clinical treatments, with a specific emphasis on cancer research and treatment. The director of SKI (as of 2007) is Dr. Thomas A. Kelly; the research staff includes 85 laboratory investigators, 404 research fellows, and 186 graduate fellows. SKI, together with Cornell University, Cornell's Weill Medical College, and Rockefeller University unite to offer the Tri—Institutional M.D./Ph.D. program, the Training Program in Chemical Biology, and ...