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Irish Republican Army
THE ORIGINS OF the Irish Republican Army (IRA) lay in the struggle for Home Rule in Ireland in the 19th century. In a desire to ameliorate the aftermath of the brutal Great Famine of the 1840s, British Liberal Prime Minister William Gladstone introduced into the British Parliament the first Home Rule Bill, which was intended to give the Irish a say in their own affairs for the first time since the union with Great Britain in 1801 had dissolved the last Irish Parliament. However, the Protestant Ascendancy (particularly in the North of Ireland, the old Province of Ulster), those land magnates and members of Parliament who wished to preserve their peculiar position in a land of a Roman Catholic majority, frustrated all of Gladstone's efforts ...
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