The SAGE Handbook of Geographical Knowledge is a critical inquiry into how Geography as a field of knowledge has been produced, re-produced, and re-imagined. It comprises three sections on Geographical Orientations, Geography’s Venues, and Critical Geographical Concepts and Controversies. The first provides an overview of the genealogy of ‘geography.' The second highlights the types of spatial settings and locations in which geographical knowledge has been produced. The third focuses on venues of primary importance in the historical geography of geographical thought.

Learned Societies

Learned societies

Introduction

Learned societies are associations of individuals sharing common intellectual interests and objectives, usually outlined in a formal constitution. They vary in size from small amateur associations communicating by occasional newsletters, to large international organisations with thousands of members, regular conferences, and prestigious, high-impact journals. Membership criteria range from open societies that require only an annual subscription, to highly selective associations reserved for the smallest elites. Most are non-profit, private organisations, though many larger associations have impressive financial resources. Some venerable societies were established by royal or government patronage and retain a measure of official recognition. Others cherish their independence from all external influences.

The relationship between learned societies and higher education has generally been mutually sustaining, though some older organisations were founded specifically ...

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