Microclimates occur in localities where the atmosphere is different from the general climate of the surrounding area. They affect the fauna and flora of the small area enough to create a unique little ecology. Usually they cover a small forest, garden, or town.

Microclimates can be caused by nature or by human activities. They exist in many places. Some are near bodies of water that can cool the local atmosphere. Or some may be in sheltered glens or mountain coves where the atmosphere allows plants to grow that would not survive if exposed to the general atmosphere.

In some localities volcanic activity creates warm conditions that allow fauna or flora to grow where they would not otherwise survive. There are places such as remote, isolated valleys among ...