Summary
Contents
Reader's guide
Entries A-Z
Subject index
In response to recognition in the late 1960s and early 1970s that traditional incarceration was not working, alternatives to standard prison settings were sought and developed. One of those alternatives—community-based corrections—had been conceived in the 1950s as a system that might prove more progressive, humane, and effective, particularly with people who had committed less serious criminal offenses and for whom incarceration, with constant exposure to serious offenders and career criminals, might prove more damaging than rehabilitative. The alternative of community corrections has evolved to become a substantial part of the criminal justice and correctional system, spurred in recent years not so much by a progressive, humane philosophy as by dramatically increasing prison populations, court orders to “fix” overextended prison settings, and an economic search for cost savings. Although community correction programs have been in place for some 40 years now, to date no comprehensive reference resource has tackled this topic. Accessible and jargon-free and available in both print and electronic formats, the one-volume Encyclopedia of Community Corrections will explore all aspects of community corrections, from its philosophical foundation to its current inception.Features & Benefits:150 signed entries (each with Cross References and Further Readings) are organized in A-to-Z fashion to give students easy access to the full range of topics in community corrections.A thematic Reader’s Guide in the front matter groups entries by broad topical or thematic areas to make it easy for users to find related entries at a glance.In the electronic version, the Reader's Guide combines with a detailed Index and the Cross References to provide users with convenient search-and-browse capacities.A Chronology in the back matter helps students put individual events into broader historical context.A Glossary provides students with concise definitions to key terms in the field.A Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and web sites (along with the Further Readings accompanying each entry) guides students to further resources in their research journeys.An Appendix offers statistics from the Bureau of Justice.
- Actuarial Risk Assessment
- Absconding
- Attitudes and Myths about Punishment
- Boot Camps
- Absconding
- Addiction-Specific Support Groups
- Classification Systems
- Augustus, John
- Attitudes of Offenders toward Community Corrections
- Community Service Order
- Brockway, Zebulon
- Correctional Case Managers
- COMPASS Program
- Benefit of Clergy
- Bail Reform Act of 1984
- Community-Based Centers
- Discretionary Release
- Counseling
- Firearms Charges, Offenders With
- Boston's Operation Night Light
- Banishment
- Community-Based Vocational Networks
- Elmira System
- Crime Victims' Concerns
- Hare Psychopathy Checklist
- Case Management
- Beccaria, Cesare
- Day Reporting Centers
- Firearms and Community Corrections Personnel
- Cultural Competence
- Level of Service Inventory
- Caseload and Workload Standards
- Bentham, Jeremy
- Electronic Monitoring
- Furloughs
- Disabled Offenders
- Offender Needs
- Circle Sentencing
- Certified Criminal Justice Professional
- Financial Penalties
- Good Time and Merit Time
- Diversity in Community Corrections
- Offender Responsivity
- Conditional Sentencing and Release
- Civil and Political Rights Affected by Conviction
- Fine Options Programs
- Graduated Sanctions for Juvenile Offenders
- Drug- and Alcohol-Abusing Offenders and Treatment
- Offender Risks
- Conditions of Community Corrections
- Community Corrections Acts
- GPS Tracking
- Irish Marks System
- Drug Testing in Community Corrections
- Prediction Instruments
- Continuum of Sanctions
- Community Corrections and Sanctions
- Group Homes
- Maconochie, Alexander
- Effectiveness of Community Corrections
- Predispositional Reports for Juveniles
- Crime Control Model of Corrections
- Community Corrections as an Add-on to Imprisonment
- Halfway Houses and Residential Centers
- Pardon and Restoration of Rights
- Elderly Offenders
- Risk and Needs Assessment Instruments
- Curfews
- Community Corrections as an Alternative to Imprisonment
- Home Confinement and House Arrest
- Parole
- Environmental Crime Prevention
- Risk Assessment Instruments: Three Generations
- Diversion Programs
- Community Partnerships
- NIMBY Syndrome
- Parole Boards and Hearings
- Evaluation of Programs
- Wisconsin Risk Assessment Instrument
- Drug Courts
- Cook County Juvenile Court
- Probation and Parole: Intensive Supervision
- Parole Commission, U.S.
- Female Offenders and Special Needs
- Faith-Based Initiatives
- Costs of Community Corrections
- Residential Correctional Programs
- Parole Commission Phaseout Act of 1996
- Job Satisfaction in Community Corrections
- False Negatives and False Positives
- Determinate Sentencing
- Residential Programs for Juveniles
- Parole Guidelines Score
- Juvenile Aftercare
- Family Courts
- Employment-Related Rights of Offenders
- Restitution
- Parole Officers
- Juvenile and Youth Offenders
- Family Group Conferencing
- Ethics of Community-Based Sanctions
- Restitution Centers
- Pre-Parole Plan
- Liability
- Family Therapy
- Flat Time
- Prisoner's Family and Reentry
- Martinson, Robert
- Felony Probation
- Front-End and Back-End Programming
- Probation and Parole: Intensive Supervision
- Motivational Interviewing
- Field Visits
- Goals and Objectives of Community Corrections
- Reentry Courts
- Offenders with Mental Illness
- Investigative Reports
- History of Community Corrections
- Reentry Programs and Initiatives
- Public Shaming as Punishment
- Juvenile Probation Officers
- Humanitarianism
- Salient Factor Score
- Recidivism
- Manhattan Bail Project
- Indeterminate Sentencing
- Truth-in-Sentencing Provisions
- Sex Offender Registration
- Mediation
- Law Enforcement Administration Act Initiatives
- Victim Impact Statements
- Sex Offenders in the Community
- Mental Health Courts
- Long-Term Offender Designation
- Work/Study Release Programs
- Sexual and Gender Minorities and Special Needs
- Neighborhood Probation
- Loss of Capacity to Be Bonded
- Sexual Predators: Civil Commitment
- Offender Supervision
- Loss of Individual Rights
- Therapeutic Communities
- Pre-Sentence Investigation Reports
- Loss of Parental Rights
- Therapeutic Jurisprudence
- Pretrial Detention
- Loss of Right to Possess Firearms
- Thinking for a Change
- Pretrial Supervision
- Loss of Welfare Benefits
- Victim Services
- Probation
- Net Widening
- “What Works” Approach and Evidence-Based Practices
- Probation: Administration Models
- Philosophy of Community Corrections
- Women in Community Service Program
- Probation: Early Termination
- Political Determinants of Corrections Policy
- Probation: Organization of Services
- President's Task Force on Corrections
- Probation: Private
- Prison Overcrowding
- Probation and Judicial Reprieve
- Public Opinion of Community Corrections
- Probation and Parole: Intensive Supervision
- Public Safety and Collaborative Prevention
- Probation and Parole Fees
- Punishment
- Probation Mentor Home Program
- Punishment Units
- Probation Officers
- Reducing Prison Populations
- Probation Officers: Job Stress
- Reintegration into Communities
- Project Safeway
- Second Chance Act
- Recognizance
- Sentencing Guidelines
- Reparation Boards
- Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative
- Restorative Justice
- Split Sentencing and Blended Sentencing
- Revocation
- Temperance Movement
- Sanctuary
- Three Strikes and You're Out
- Shock Probation
- Victims of Crime Act of 1984
- SMART Partnership
- Violent Offender Reconciliation Programs
- Specialized Caseload Models
- Volunteers and Community Corrections
- Teen Courts
- Victim-Offender Reconciliation Programs
- Wilderness Experience
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