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In some countries, democratic competition is undermined less by electoral fraud or repression than by a skewed playing field—unequal access to state institutions, resources, and the media.
‘Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field’, StevenLevitsky and LucanA.WayJournal of Democracy, 21 (1) (2010): 57–68. © 2010 National Endowment for Democracy and The Johns Hopkins University Press. Reprinted with permission of The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Table of Contents
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Volume I: Theories, Methods and Historical Perspectives
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Conceptualising Democracy and Democratization
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1. Democratization as Deliberative Capacity Building
John Dryzek
2009
Comparative Political Studies
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2. Citizenship and Social Class
T. Marshall
1950
Citizenship and Social Class: And Other Essays
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3. Of the Limits to the Authority of Society over the Individual
John Mill
1978
On Liberty
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4. Recent Theories of Democracy and the ‘Classical Myth’
Carole Pateman
1970
Participation and Democratic Theory
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Joseph Schumpeter
2003
Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
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6. Democracy as a Universal Value
Amartya Sen
1999
Journal of Democracy
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7. Dissident Citizenship: Democratic Theory, Political Courage, and Activist Women
Holloway Sparks
1997
Hypatia
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Theorising Democratization
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8. Comparative Democratization: Big and Bounded Generalizations
Valerie Bunce
2000
Comparative Political Studies
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9. Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research
David Collier | Steven Levitsky
1997
World Politics
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10. Three Paradoxes of Democracy
Larry Diamond
1990
Journal of Democracy
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11. An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy
Anthony Downs
1957
Journal of Political Economy
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12. Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy
Seymour Lipset
1959
Lipset The American Political Science Review
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13. Modernization: Theories and Facts
Adam Przeworski | Fernando Limongi
1997
World Politics
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14. What Democracy Is … and Is Not
Philippe Schmitter | Terry Karl
1991
Journal of Democracy
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15. The Historical Turn in Democratization Studies: A New Research Agenda for Europe and Beyond
Giovanni Capoccia | Daniel Ziblatt
2010
Comparative Political Studies
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Volume II: States and Political Economies of Democratization
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Transitology Literature and Its Limits
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16. How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy
Thomas Carothers
2007
Journal of Democracy
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17. What Do We Know about Democratization after Twenty Years?
Barbara Geddes
1999
Annual Review of Political Science
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18. Toward Consolidated Democracies
Juan Linz | Alfred Stepan
1996
Journal of Democracy
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19. Democratization Backwards: The Problem of Third-Wave Democracies
Richard Rose | Doh Shin
2001
British Journal of Political Science
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Bringing Back States and Markets into the Democratization Literature
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20. Market Economy and Democratic Polity
David Beetham
1997
Democratization
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21. Democratization, Sequencing, and State Failure in Africa: Lessons from Kenya
Daniel Branch | Nic Cheeseman
2008
African Affairs
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22. Comparing Democratic Systems
Donald Horowitz
1990
Journal of Democracy
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Guillermo O'Donnell
1993
World Development
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Adam Przeworski
2004
Government and Opposition
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25. Democratization and Dissension: The Formation of the Workers' Party
Margaret Keck
1986
Politics & Society
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26. Backlash in Bolivia: Regional Autonomy as a Reaction against Indigenous Mobilization
Kent Eaton
2007
Politics & Society
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27. Rethinking Responses to State Failure, with Special Reference to Africa
Brennan Kraxberger
2012
Progress in Development Studies
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28. Democratization and the Institutionalization of Latin American Political Parties
Robert Dix
1992
Comparative Political Studies
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Challenges to Democratization
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29. Democracy from the Outside-In? International Organizations and Democratization
Jon Pevehouse
2002
International Organization
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Mushtaq Khan
2005
Democratization
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31. Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field
Steven Levitsky | Lucan Way
2010
Journal of Democracy
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32. Does Oil Hinder Democracy?
Michael Ross
2001
World Politics
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33. Post-Neoliberalism in Latin America: Rebuilding and Reclaiming the State after Crisis
Jean Grugel | Pía Riggirozzi
2012
Development and Change
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Volume III: Civil Society, Human Rights, and Culture in Democratization
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The Role of Civil Society in Democratization
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34. Labor and Democratization in South Korea and Taiwan
Yin-Wah Chu
1998
Journal of Contemporary Asia
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Ruth Collier | James Mahoney
1997
Comparative Politics
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36. Toward Democratic Consolidation
Larry Diamond
1994
Journal of Democracy
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A. LeVan
2011
Democratization
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38. Gendering Politics and Policy in Transitions to Democracy: Chile and South Africa
Georgina Waylen
2010
Policy & Politics
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39. Spaces of Civil Society: The Role of Migrant Non-Governmental Organizations in Beijing and Shanghai
Jennifer Hsu
2012
Progress in Development Studies
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Claiming Citizenship Rights in the Global South
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40. Human Rights, Democracy and Development: The Debate in East Asia
Rosemary Foot
1997
Democratization
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41. Religion and Democratization in Africa
Jeff Haynes
2004
Democratization
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42. The Politics of ‘Democratization’: Lessons from Bosnia and Iraq
Alex Jeffrey
2007
Review of International Political Economy
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43. Democracy, Indigenous Movements, and the Postliberal Challenge in Latin America
Deborah Yashar
1999
World Politics
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44. Democracy's Labor: Disjunctive Memory in a Bolivian Workers' Union
Robert Albro
2009
Latin American Perspectives
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45. Waves of Change within Civil Society in Latin America: Mexico City and São Paulo
Adrian Lavalle | Natália Bueno
2011
Politics & Society
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Democratizing Civil Society
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46. The Taming of the Idea of Civil Society
Gideon Baker
1999
Democratization
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47. Democratizing Civil Society in Latin America
Alison Brysk
2000
Journal of Democracy
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48. Civil Society, Social Capital, and Development: Dissection of a Complex Discourse
Goran Hyden
1997
Studies in Comparative International Development
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49. NGOs, Civil Society and Democratization: A Critical Review of the Literature
Claire Mercer
2002
Progress in Development Studies
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50. Accounting for the ‘Dark Side’ of Social Capital: Reading Robert Putnam on Democracy
James Putzel
1997
Journal of International Development
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Volume IV: The Global Politics and the Globalization of Democratization
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Conceptualizing Democratization beyond Nation States
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51. Developing Democracy beyond the State
Gráinne de Búrca
2008
Columbia Journal of Transnational Law
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52. Globalizations and Democracy
Donatella Della Porta
2005
Porta Democratization
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53. Diffusion and the International Context of Democratization
Kristian Gleditsch | Michael Ward
2006
International Organization
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Samuel Huntington
1991
Journal of Democracy
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55. Other Domains of Democratic Theory: Space, Power, and the Politics of Democratization
David Slater
2002
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
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Jean Grugel | Enrique Peruzzotti
2012
Human Rights Quarterly
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The Role of External Actors in Democratization
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57. Democratization and Ideational Diffusion: Europe, Mercosur and Social Citizenship
Jean Grugel
2007
Journal of Common Market Studies
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58. Disembedded Democracy? Globalization and the ‘Third Way’
Joseph Lewandowski
2003
European Journal of Social Theory
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59. Human Rights, Principled Issue-Networks, and Sovereignty in Latin America
Kathryn Sikkink
1993
International Organization
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60. Democracy and the Multinationals
Richard Youngs
2004
Democratization
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61. Civil Society and Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Roberto Belloni
2001
Journal of Peace Research
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Stalled Transitions and the Contradictions of Democracy Promotion
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62. The Contradictions of Democratization by Force: The Case of Iraq
David Beetham
2009
Democratization
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63. The International Context of Morocco's Stalled Democratisation
Francesco Cavatorta
2005
Democratization
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64. Transnationalizing Democracy Promotion: The Role of Western Political Foundations and Think-Tanks
James Scott
1999
Democratization
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65. The Politics of “Public Opinion” in the Philippines
Eva-Lotta Hedman
2010
Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs
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Kristi Raik
2004
East European Politics and Societies
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