Intelligences, Other

Modern research on human intelligence has focused on the multifaceted nature of intelligence. Rather than viewing intelligence as a single ability, many researchers believe that there are a number of types of intelligence. The most well known and well researched is often referred to as verbal, academic, or general intelligence, and is represented by and popularly identified with intelligence test scores known as the intelligence quotient, or IQ. Another type of intelligence that has been studied for nearly a century is social intelligence—the kind of intelligence that allows individuals to understand and behave effectively in social situations. A type of intelligence identified in the 1990s that has received a great deal of popular attention is emotional intelligence, or the ability to perceive, use, understand, and manage emotions. But still other types of intelligence have been identified, and some of them have implications for leadership.