National Interest

A necessary, selfish, and subjective set of political manifestos based on the self-preservation of a particular nation-state. It is a moral duty of the state to ensure the survival of its citizens; therefore, a minimum prerequisite of survival is required proceeding hierarchically from that base. In addition, it must be logically necessary. A national interest is determined by the specific historical period and is arguably derived from the nation's identity, which constantly shifts on a basic continuum. A vital national interest is one that a nation-state is willing to defend by whatever means necessary.

For example, the Commission on America's National Interest identified five vital national interests:

• 1.
  Preventing the threat of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons attacks on American military forces at home and abroad
• 2.
  Preventing both nuclear and biological weapons attacks against American cities, civilians, or military forces
• 3.
  Maintaining the security, safety, and accoun tability of all global stockpiles of nuclear weapons and related material
• 4.
  Reducing American vulnerability to all forms of international and domestic terrorism and, additionally, persuading states that support such endeavors to desist
• 5.
  Preventing terrorist groups from acquiring weapons of mass destruction against Americans everywhere

For more information, see Belfer Center (n.d.) and Huntington (1997).