Summary
Contents
Countries A-Z
Political & Electoral Systems
Intergovernmental Organisations
The Political Handbook of the World provides timely, thorough, and accurate political information, with more in-depth coverage of current political controversies than any other reference guide. The updated 2022-2023 edition will continue to be the most authoritative source for finding complete facts and analysis on each country’s governmental and political makeup. Compiling in one place more than 200 entries on countries and territories throughout the world, this volume is renowned for its extensive coverage of all major and minor political parties and groups in each political system. It also provides names of key ambassadors and international memberships of each country, plus detailed profiles of more than 30 intergovernmental organizations and UN agencies. And this update will aim to include coverage of current events, issues, crises, and controversies from the course of the last two years.
-
Regime Type
icon angle down-
dictatorship
- Afghanistan
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Algeria
- Angola
- Angola
- Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bahrain
- Belarus
- Belarus
- Brunei
- Brunei
- Burundi
- Burundi
- Cambodia
- Cambodia
- Cameroon
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Chad
- China: People’s Republic Of
- China: People’s Republic Of
- Cuba
- Cuba
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Eritrea
- Eswatini
- Eswatini
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopia
- Fiji
- Fiji
- Gabon
- Gabon
- Iran
- Iran
- Kazakhstan
- Kazakhstan
- Laos
- Laos
- Libya
- Libya
- Nicaragua
- Nicaragua
- Oman
- Oman
- Qatar
- Qatar
- Republic of The Congo
- Republic of The Congo
- Russia
- Russia
- Rwanda
- Rwanda
- Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Somalia
- South Sudan
- South Sudan
- Sudan
- Sudan
- Syria
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uganda
- Uganda
- United Arab Emirates
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Yemen
-
democracy
- Albania
- Albania
- Andorra
- Andorra
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Armenia
- Australia
- Australia
- Austria
- Austria
- Bahamas
- Bahamas
- Bangladesh
- Bangladesh
- Barbados
- Barbados
- Belgium
- Belgium
- Belize
- Belize
- Benin
- Benin
- Bhutan
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Bolivia
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Botswana
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada
- Cape Verde
- Cape Verde
- Chile
- Chile
- China: Taiwan
- China: Taiwan
- Colombia
- Colombia
- Comoros
- Comoros
- Costa Rica
- Costa Rica
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Croatia
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Cyprus
- Cyprus: Turkish Sector
- Cyprus: Turkish Sector
- Czech Republic
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Denmark
- Dominica
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- El Salvador
- Estonia
- Estonia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Finland
- Finland
- France
- France
- Gambia
- Gambia
- Georgia
- Georgia
- Germany
- Germany
- Ghana
- Ghana
- Greece
- Greece
- Grenada
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Guatemala
- Guinea
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guyana
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Honduras
- Hungary
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Iceland
- India
- India
- Indonesia
- Indonesia
- Iraq
- Iraq
- Ireland
- Ireland
- Israel
- Israel
- Italy
- Italy
- Jamaica
- Jamaica
- Japan
- Japan
- Jordan
- Jordan
- Kenya
- Kenya
- Kiribati
- Kiribati
- Kosovo
- Kosovo
- Kuwait
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Latvia
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Liberia
- Liechtenstein
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Luxembourg
- Madagascar
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Maldives
- Mali
- Mali
- Malta
- Malta
- Marshall Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Mauritania
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Mauritius
- Mexico
- Mexico
- Moldova
- Moldova
- Monaco
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Mongolia
- Montenegro
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Namibia
- Nauru
- Nauru
- Nepal
- Nepal
- Netherlands
- Netherlands
- Netherlands: Aruba
- Netherlands: Aruba
- Netherlands: Curaçao
- Netherlands: Curaçao
- New Zealand
- New Zealand
- Niger
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Nigeria
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Norway
- Pakistan
- Pakistan
- Palau
- Palau
- Panama
- Panama
- Papua New Guinea
- Papua New Guinea
- Paraguay
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Peru
- Philippines
- Philippines
- Poland
- Poland
- Portugal
- Portugal
- Republic of Korea
- Republic of Korea
- Romania
- Romania
- Samoa
- Samoa
- San Marino
- San Marino
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Senegal
- Senegal
- Serbia
- Serbia
- Seychelles
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- Sierra Leone
- Singapore
- Singapore
- Slovakia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Slovenia
- Solomon Islands
- Solomon Islands
- Somaliland
- Somaliland
- South Africa
- South Africa
- Spain
- Spain
- Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Lucia
- St. Lucia
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Suriname
- Sweden
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Switzerland
- Tanzania
- Tanzania
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Togo
- Togo
- Tonga
- Tonga
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Tunisia
- Tunisia
- Tuvalu
- Tuvalu
- Ukraine
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- United States
- United States
- Uruguay
- Uruguay
- Vanuatu
- Vanuatu
- Zambia
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- Zimbabwe
-
not rated
-
-
Democracy Type
icon angle down-
non-democracy
- Afghanistan
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Algeria
- Angola
- Angola
- Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bahrain
- Belarus
- Belarus
- Brunei
- Brunei
- Burkina Faso
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi
- Burundi
- Cambodia
- Cambodia
- Cameroon
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Chad
- China: People’s Republic Of
- China: People’s Republic Of
- Cuba
- Cuba
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Eritrea
- Eswatini
- Eswatini
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- Gabon
- Iran
- Iran
- Kazakhstan
- Kazakhstan
- Laos
- Laos
- Libya
- Libya
- Mauritania
- Mauritania
- Nicaragua
- Nicaragua
- Oman
- Oman
- Qatar
- Qatar
- Republic of The Congo
- Republic of The Congo
- Russia
- Russia
- Rwanda
- Rwanda
- Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Somalia
- South Sudan
- South Sudan
- Sudan
- Sudan
- Syria
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tajikistan
- Turkey
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uganda
- Uganda
- United Arab Emirates
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Yemen
-
older democracy
- Albania
- Albania
- Andorra
- Andorra
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Argentina
- Australia
- Australia
- Austria
- Austria
- Bahamas
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Barbados
- Belgium
- Belgium
- Belize
- Belize
- Botswana
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada
- Cape Verde
- Cape Verde
- Chile
- Chile
- China: Taiwan
- China: Taiwan
- Costa Rica
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Denmark
- Dominica
- Dominica
- Estonia
- Estonia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Finland
- Finland
- France
- France
- Germany
- Germany
- Ghana
- Ghana
- Greece
- Greece
- Grenada
- Grenada
- Guyana
- Guyana
- Iceland
- Iceland
- India
- India
- Ireland
- Ireland
- Italy
- Italy
- Jamaica
- Jamaica
- Japan
- Japan
- Kiribati
- Kiribati
- Latvia
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Malta
- Marshall Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Mauritius
- Mauritius
- Monaco
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Mongolia
- Nauru
- Nauru
- Netherlands
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- New Zealand
- Norway
- Norway
- Palau
- Palau
- Panama
- Panama
- Peru
- Peru
- Poland
- Poland
- Portugal
- Portugal
- Republic of Korea
- Republic of Korea
- Romania
- Romania
- San Marino
- San Marino
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Slovakia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Slovenia
- Solomon Islands
- Solomon Islands
- South Africa
- South Africa
- Spain
- Spain
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Lucia
- St. Lucia
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Suriname
- Sweden
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Switzerland
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Tunisia
- Tunisia
- Tuvalu
- Tuvalu
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- United States
- United States
- Uruguay
- Uruguay
- Vanuatu
- Vanuatu
-
semi-democracy
- Armenia
- Armenia
- Bangladesh
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Bolivia
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Colombia
- Colombia
- Comoros
- Comoros
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Dominican Republic
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- El Salvador
- Fiji
- Fiji
- Gambia
- Gambia
- Georgia
- Georgia
- Guatemala
- Guatemala
- Guinea
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guinea-Bissau
- Haiti
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Honduras
- Hungary
- Hungary
- Indonesia
- Indonesia
- Iraq
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Jordan
- Kenya
- Kenya
- Kosovo
- Kosovo
- Kuwait
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Liberia
- Madagascar
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Maldives
- Mali
- Mali
- Mexico
- Mexico
- Moldova
- Moldova
- Montenegro
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Mozambique
- Myanmar (Burma)
- Nepal
- Nepal
- Niger
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Nigeria
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia
- Pakistan
- Pakistan
- Papua New Guinea
- Papua New Guinea
- Paraguay
- Paraguay
- Philippines
- Philippines
- Senegal
- Senegal
- Serbia
- Serbia
- Seychelles
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- Sierra Leone
- Singapore
- Singapore
- Somaliland
- Somaliland
- Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka
- Tanzania
- Tanzania
- Thailand
- Thailand
- Togo
- Togo
- Ukraine
- Ukraine
- Zambia
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- Zimbabwe
-
newer democracy
-
democracy
-
not rated
-
-
Freedom House Rating
icon angle down-
not free
- Afghanistan
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Algeria
- Angola
- Angola
- Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bahrain
- Belarus
- Belarus
- Brunei
- Brunei
- Burundi
- Burundi
- Cambodia
- Cambodia
- Cameroon
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Chad
- China: People’s Republic Of
- China: People’s Republic Of
- Cuba
- Cuba
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Eritrea
- Eswatini
- Eswatini
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- Gabon
- Haiti
- Haiti
- Iran
- Iran
- Iraq
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kazakhstan
- Laos
- Laos
- Libya
- Libya
- Mali
- Mali
- Myanmar (Burma)
- Nicaragua
- Nicaragua
- Oman
- Oman
- Palestinian Authority–Palestine Liberation Organization
- Qatar
- Qatar
- Republic of The Congo
- Republic of The Congo
- Russia
- Russia
- Rwanda
- Rwanda
- Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Somalia
- South Sudan
- South Sudan
- Sudan
- Sudan
- Syria
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uganda
- Uganda
- United Arab Emirates
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Yemen
- Zimbabwe
- Zimbabwe
-
partly free
- Albania
- Albania
- Armenia
- Armenia
- Bangladesh
- Bangladesh
- Benin
- Benin
- Bhutan
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Bolivia
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Burkina Faso
- Burkina Faso
- Colombia
- Colombia
- Comoros
- Comoros
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Dominican Republic
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
- El Salvador
- Fiji
- Fiji
- Gambia
- Gambia
- Georgia
- Georgia
- Guatemala
- Guatemala
- Guinea
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guinea-Bissau
- Honduras
- Honduras
- Hungary
- Hungary
- India
- India
- Indonesia
- Indonesia
- Kenya
- Kenya
- Kosovo
- Kosovo
- Kuwait
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Liberia
- Madagascar
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Maldives
- Mauritania
- Mauritania
- Mexico
- Mexico
- Moldova
- Moldova
- Montenegro
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Mozambique
- Nepal
- Nepal
- Niger
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Nigeria
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia
- Pakistan
- Pakistan
- Papua New Guinea
- Papua New Guinea
- Paraguay
- Paraguay
- Philippines
- Philippines
- Senegal
- Senegal
- Serbia
- Serbia
- Sierra Leone
- Sierra Leone
- Singapore
- Singapore
- Somaliland
- Somaliland
- Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka
- Tanzania
- Tanzania
- Togo
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Tunisia
- Ukraine
- Ukraine
- Zambia
- Zambia
-
free
- Andorra
- Andorra
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Argentina
- Australia
- Australia
- Austria
- Austria
- Bahamas
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Barbados
- Belgium
- Belgium
- Belize
- Belize
- Botswana
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada
- Cape Verde
- Cape Verde
- Chile
- Chile
- China: Taiwan
- China: Taiwan
- Costa Rica
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Cyprus
- Cyprus: Turkish Sector
- Cyprus: Turkish Sector
- Czech Republic
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Denmark
- Dominica
- Dominica
- Ecuador
- Ecuador
- Estonia
- Estonia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Finland
- Finland
- France
- France
- Germany
- Germany
- Ghana
- Ghana
- Greece
- Greece
- Grenada
- Grenada
- Guyana
- Guyana
- Iceland
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Ireland
- Israel
- Israel
- Italy
- Italy
- Jamaica
- Jamaica
- Japan
- Japan
- Kiribati
- Kiribati
- Latvia
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Malta
- Marshall Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Mauritius
- Mauritius
- Monaco
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Mongolia
- Namibia
- Namibia
- Nauru
- Nauru
- Netherlands
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- New Zealand
- Norway
- Norway
- Palau
- Palau
- Panama
- Panama
- Peru
- Peru
- Poland
- Poland
- Portugal
- Portugal
- Republic of Korea
- Republic of Korea
- Romania
- Romania
- Samoa
- Samoa
- San Marino
- San Marino
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Seychelles
- Seychelles
- Slovakia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Slovenia
- Solomon Islands
- Solomon Islands
- South Africa
- South Africa
- Spain
- Spain
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Lucia
- St. Lucia
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Suriname
- Sweden
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Switzerland
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Tonga
- Tonga
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Tuvalu
- Tuvalu
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom
- United States
- United States
- Uruguay
- Uruguay
- Vanuatu
- Vanuatu
-
not rated
-
-
Election System
icon angle down-
majoritarian
- Afghanistan
- Afghanistan
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Australia
- Australia
- Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijan
- Bahamas
- Bahamas
- Bahrain
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh
- Bangladesh
- Barbados
- Barbados
- Belarus
- Belarus
- Belize
- Belize
- Bhutan
- Bhutan
- Botswana
- Botswana
- Canada
- Canada
- Central African Republic
- Central African Republic
- Comoros
- Comoros
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Côte d’Ivoire
- Cuba
- Cuba
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Dominica
- Dominica
- Egypt
- Egypt
- Eswatini
- Eswatini
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Federated States of Micronesia
- France
- France
- Gabon
- Gabon
- Gambia
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Ghana
- Grenada
- Grenada
- Haiti
- Haiti
- India
- India
- Iran
- Iran
- Jamaica
- Jamaica
- Kenya
- Kenya
- Kiribati
- Kiribati
- Kuwait
- Kuwait
- Laos
- Laos
- Liberia
- Liberia
- Malawi
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Maldives
- Mali
- Mali
- Marshall Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Mauritius
- Mauritius
- Mongolia
- Mongolia
- Myanmar (Burma)
- Nauru
- Nauru
- Nigeria
- Nigeria
- Oman
- Oman
- Palau
- Palau
- Papua New Guinea
- Papua New Guinea
- Republic of The Congo
- Republic of The Congo
- Samoa
- Samoa
- Sierra Leone
- Sierra Leone
- Singapore
- Singapore
- Solomon Islands
- Solomon Islands
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Kitts and Nevis
- St. Lucia
- St. Lucia
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Syria
- Syria
- Tanzania
- Tanzania
- Tonga
- Tonga
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan
- Tuvalu
- Tuvalu
- Uganda
- Uganda
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom
- United States
- United States
- Uzbekistan
- Uzbekistan
- Vanuatu
- Vanuatu
- Vietnam
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Yemen
- Zambia
- Zambia
-
proportional representation (pr)
- Albania
- Albania
- Algeria
- Algeria
- Angola
- Angola
- Argentina
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Armenia
- Austria
- Austria
- Belgium
- Belgium
- Benin
- Benin
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Brazil
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Bulgaria
- Burundi
- Burundi
- Cambodia
- Cambodia
- Cape Verde
- Cape Verde
- Chile
- Chile
- Colombia
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Denmark
- Dominican Republic
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- El Salvador
- Equatorial Guinea
- Equatorial Guinea
- Estonia
- Estonia
- Fiji
- Fiji
- Finland
- Finland
- Greece
- Greece
- Guatemala
- Guatemala
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guyana
- Guyana
- Honduras
- Honduras
- Iceland
- Iceland
- Indonesia
- Indonesia
- Iraq
- Iraq
- Ireland
- Ireland
- Israel
- Israel
- Jordan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kazakhstan
- Kosovo
- Kosovo
- Latvia
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lebanon
- Liechtenstein
- Liechtenstein
- Luxembourg
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Malta
- Montenegro
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Namibia
- Netherlands
- Netherlands
- Nicaragua
- Nicaragua
- Niger
- Niger
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Norway
- Paraguay
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Peru
- Poland
- Poland
- Portugal
- Portugal
- Romania
- Romania
- Rwanda
- Rwanda
- San Marino
- San Marino
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Serbia
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Slovenia
- Somaliland
- Somaliland
- South Africa
- South Africa
- Spain
- Spain
- Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka
- Suriname
- Suriname
- Sweden
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Switzerland
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Timor-Leste (East Timor)
- Togo
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Tunisia
- Turkey
- Turkey
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- United Kingdom: Northern Ireland
- Uruguay
- Uruguay
-
combined
- Andorra
- Andorra
- Bolivia
- Bolivia
- Cameroon
- Cameroon
- Chad
- Chad
- China: Taiwan
- China: Taiwan
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti
- Djibouti
- Georgia
- Georgia
- Germany
- Germany
- Guinea
- Guinea
- Hungary
- Hungary
- Italy
- Italy
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multi party-limited competition
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two party
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one party
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not rated
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multi party-hyper competition
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multi party-limited competitive
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System of Government
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unitary
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federal
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