Togo

République Togolaise

Political Status: Independent republic since 1960; personal military rule imposed in 1967; one-party state established November 29, 1969; Third Republic proclaimed on January 13, 1980, under constitution adopted in referendum of December 30, 1979; constitution suspended by a National Conference on July 16, 1991; multiparty constitution adopted by popular referendum on September 27, 1992.

Area: 21,622 sq. mi. (56,000 sq. km).

Population: 7,991,000 (2018E—World Bank); 8,176,449 (2018E—U.S. Census).

Major Urban Center (2015E—UN): LOMÉ (956,000).

Official Language: French.

Monetary Unit: CFA Franc (official rate October 19, 2018: 570.93 francs = $1US). The CFA franc, previously pegged to the French franc, is now permanently pegged to the euro at 655.93 CFA francs = 1 euro.

President: Faure Essozimna GNASSINGBÉ (Union for the Republic, originally elected from the Rally of the ...