Scholars of international relations and international communications view the extent of media freedom from country to country as a key comparative indicator either by itself or in correlation with other indices of national political and economic development. This indicator serves as a bellwether for gauging the health and spread of democracy.

Historical Guide to World Media Freedom is a new reference from CQ Press that brings together comprehensive historical data on media freedom since World War II. It provides consistent and comparable measures of media freedom in all independent countries for the years 1948 to the present. The work also includes country-by country summaries, analyses of historical and regional trends in media freedom, and extensive reliability analyses of media freedom measures.

The key information provided is designed to help researchers connect these historical measures of media freedom to Freedom House's annual Freedom of the Press survey release, enabling them to extend their studies back before the 1980s when Freedom House began compiling global press freedom measures.

The reference covers three major areas

-introductory chapters discuss the theoretical premises behind the nature and importance of media freedom, operational definitions of media freedom, the challenges of compiling reliable measures, historical trends, and the challenges of coding for media freedom in a way that ensures consistency for comparison.

-the heart of the book includes alphabetical, country-by-country summaries of the ebb and flow of media freedom paired with national media freedom measures over time. This is essential reading for researchers to connect the dots in understanding global media freedom.

-concluding material provides a detailed discussion of the historical patterns in media freedom, consideration of how media freedom tracks with other cross-national indicators, and discussion of the reliability of the information available on media freedom.

Accessible to both students and scholars alike, this groundbreaking new reference will be essential to collections in political science, international studies, and journalism and communications.

India: 1948–2012

India: 1948–2012
India Year by Year
YearMediaGovernment
1948Imperfectly FreeIn Transition
1949Imperfectly FreeIn Transition
1950Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1951Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1952Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1953Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1954Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1955Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1956Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1957Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1958Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1959Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1960Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1961Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1962Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1963Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1964Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1965Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1966Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1967Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1968Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1969Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1970Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1971Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1972Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1973Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1974Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1975Not FreeDemocracy
1976Not FreeDemocracy
1977Not FreeDemocracy
1978Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1979Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1980Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1981Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1982Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1983Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1984Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1985Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1986Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1987Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1988Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1989Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1990Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1991Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1992Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1993Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1994Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1995Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1996Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1997Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1998Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
1999Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2000Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2001Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2002Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2003Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2004Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2005Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2006Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2007Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2008Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2009Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2010Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2011Imperfectly FreeDemocracy
2012Imperfectly FreeDemocracy

Media Freedom History in a Nutshell

  • India has a long history of media freedom, but people who are poor, illiterate, or in rural or conflict-prone areas may not have access to independent media
  • As of 2012, India had 4,397 total paid-for daily newspapers with an average circulation per issue of 112,891,676 (World Association of ...
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