Scholars of international relations and international communications view the extent of media freedom from country to country as a key comparative indicator either by itself or in correlation with other indices of national political and economic development. This indicator serves as a bellwether for gauging the health and spread of democracy.

Historical Guide to World Media Freedom is a new reference from CQ Press that brings together comprehensive historical data on media freedom since World War II. It provides consistent and comparable measures of media freedom in all independent countries for the years 1948 to the present. The work also includes country-by country summaries, analyses of historical and regional trends in media freedom, and extensive reliability analyses of media freedom measures.

The key information provided is designed to help researchers connect these historical measures of media freedom to Freedom House's annual Freedom of the Press survey release, enabling them to extend their studies back before the 1980s when Freedom House began compiling global press freedom measures.

The reference covers three major areas

-introductory chapters discuss the theoretical premises behind the nature and importance of media freedom, operational definitions of media freedom, the challenges of compiling reliable measures, historical trends, and the challenges of coding for media freedom in a way that ensures consistency for comparison.

-the heart of the book includes alphabetical, country-by-country summaries of the ebb and flow of media freedom paired with national media freedom measures over time. This is essential reading for researchers to connect the dots in understanding global media freedom.

-concluding material provides a detailed discussion of the historical patterns in media freedom, consideration of how media freedom tracks with other cross-national indicators, and discussion of the reliability of the information available on media freedom.

Accessible to both students and scholars alike, this groundbreaking new reference will be essential to collections in political science, international studies, and journalism and communications.

United States: 1948–2012

United States: 1948–2012
United States Year by Year
YearMediaGovernment
1948FreeDemocracy
1949FreeDemocracy
1950FreeDemocracy
1951FreeDemocracy
1952FreeDemocracy
1953FreeDemocracy
1954FreeDemocracy
1955FreeDemocracy
1956FreeDemocracy
1957FreeDemocracy
1958FreeDemocracy
1959FreeDemocracy
1960FreeDemocracy
1961FreeDemocracy
1962FreeDemocracy
1963FreeDemocracy
1964FreeDemocracy
1965FreeDemocracy
1966FreeDemocracy
1967FreeDemocracy
1968FreeDemocracy
1969FreeDemocracy
1970FreeDemocracy
1971FreeDemocracy
1972FreeDemocracy
1973FreeDemocracy
1974FreeDemocracy
1975FreeDemocracy
1976FreeDemocracy
1977FreeDemocracy
1978FreeDemocracy
1979FreeDemocracy
1980FreeDemocracy
1981FreeDemocracy
1982FreeDemocracy
1983FreeDemocracy
1984FreeDemocracy
1985FreeDemocracy
1986FreeDemocracy
1987FreeDemocracy
1988FreeDemocracy
1989FreeDemocracy
1990FreeDemocracy
1991FreeDemocracy
1992FreeDemocracy
1993FreeDemocracy
1994FreeDemocracy
1995FreeDemocracy
1996FreeDemocracy
1997FreeDemocracy
1998FreeDemocracy
1999FreeDemocracy
2000FreeDemocracy
2001FreeDemocracy
2002FreeDemocracy
2003FreeDemocracy
2004FreeDemocracy
2005FreeDemocracy
2006FreeDemocracy
2007FreeDemocracy
2008FreeDemocracy
2009FreeDemocracy
2010FreeDemocracy
2011FreeDemocracy
2012FreeDemocracy

Media Freedom History in a Nutshell

  • The First Amendment to the Constitution provides for media freedom and the government generally respects this
  • Media critics have identified commercialization, concentration of ownership, and the tendency of journalists to rely on official sources as threats to media independence, yet U.S. media have the potential to criticize the government
  • Although the United States has public broadcast media, the market is dominated by private broadcast and cable networks
  • Both the number of newspapers and newspaper circulations have plummeted in recent years; in 2012, the United States had more than 1,400 daily newspapers with a total average circulation per issue of 45,729,000 (World Association of Newspapers’ World Press Trends 2012 Report)
  • As of 2012, about 81 percent ...
  • Loading...
locked icon

Sign in to access this content

Get a 30 day FREE TRIAL

  • Watch videos from a variety of sources bringing classroom topics to life
  • Read modern, diverse business cases
  • Explore hundreds of books and reference titles