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Mao Zedong
The achievements and calamities of the Chinese Communist Revolution were intertwined with the political thought of Mao Zedong (1893–1976). Mao’s ideas enabled the success of a massive peasant movement, resulting in a historic social transformation that vastly improved the lives of millions of people. In the last two decades of his life, Mao’s concepts became entangled with huge disruptions in China at great human cost. Maoism had worldwide impact, appearing in different guises and degrees in France, Albania, Peru, Nepal, Cambodia, the Philippines, and India, as well as in Argentina, Chile, the United States, and the Basque country.
Born into a well-to-do peasant family, Mao joined the tiny elite studying in modern schools. After the republican 1911 Revolution and the New Culture Movement of 1915–19, ...
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