A seminal work in the field of motivation by the leading author on the topic, this classic has been fully revised and updated to include and distill the most current research from top international scholars. Drawing upon his experiences as a staff psychologist and consultant, Gary P. Latham writes in a mentor voice that is highly personal and rich in examples, providing a unique behavioral science framework for motivating employees in organizational settings. The book offers a chronological review of the field, and a taxonomy for the study and practice of motivation, complete with anecdotes about the major thought leaders in the field of motivation and behind-the-scenes research accounts. Highlights of this updated edition include new findings in goal-setting research, including insight into the dark side of goal-setting; more on the self in motivation, including self-regulated learning, self-evaluation methods, and the significance of self-efficacy as a predictor of performance and satisfaction; and more trending in the area of positive psychology and prosocial behavior in organizations.

Needs: The Starting Point of Motivation

Needs: The starting point of motivation

Introduction

With the closing of the 20th century, HRM, I-O, and OB scholars had done what William James (1892) suggested at the end of the previous millennium: They had taken conscious motivation seriously. Consciousness, Bandura (2000) stated, is the very substance of mental life. A functional consciousness, he said, involves intentional accessing and deliberative use of semantic and programmatic information to manage life events. The human mind is not only reactive, it is also creative and proactive.

At the dawn of this new millennium, it would appear that cognitive theories of motivation will likely be integrated with personality as well as affective processes. This is evident in the review by Brief and Weiss (2002) on moods ...

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