Incorporates important recent changes in women's political participation and representation, such as the election of new women presidents and prime ministers and the continued spread of gender quotas Expanded coverage of women's political participation now includes women judges and women in local levels of governance Updated coverage of women's political representation in the Middle East and North Africa highlights events and issues since the Arab Spring Incorporates more than 100 new studies from the rapidly expanding field of gender and politics Includes an up-to-date discussion on gender quotas and their effects, including coverage of the trend towards “parity” quotas KEY FEATURES: Six chapters cover women's political power in specific geographic regions with case studies from all over the world Includes the latest information available on women in politics worldwide Charts, maps, and tables give visual overviews of the substantial variation in women's access to political power around the world, the growth in women's political power over time, and persistent obstacles to gender equality in politics

Women From Marginalized Groups

Women from marginalized groups

We have already touched on some of the ways that differences among women can affect their political participation and representation. For example, in Chapter 2, we discussed the exclusion of women of color from mainstream movements for women’s suffrage. And in Chapter 6, we addressed the ways that electoral systems and rules can affect majority and minority women differently. Here, we take the opportunity to focus at greater length on the experiences of women who are also members of marginalized groups, including racial, ethnic, and religious minority women and lesbian, bisexual, and transgender women. These women may face obstacles in politics because they are women or because they are members of marginalized groups. Yet, as discussed in ...

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