Penal Systems: A Comparative Approach is a comprehensive and original introduction to the comparative study of punishment.

Analyzing twelve countries, authors Michael Cavadino and James Dignan offer an integrated and theoretically rigorous approach to comparative penology. They draw upon material provided by a team of eminent penologists to produce an important and highly readable contribution to scholarship in this area.

Early chapters introduce the reader to comparative penology, set out the theoretical framework and consider whether there is currently a ‘global penal crisis.’ Each country is then discussed in turn. Chapters on comparative youth justice and the privatization of prisons follow. Comparisons between countries are drawn within each chapter, giving the reader a synoptic and truly comparative vision of penality in different jurisdictions.

Germany: Archetypal Corporatism

Germany: Archetypal corporatism

The Federal Republic of Germany is made up of sixteen Länder (or states) which have a high degree of autonomy. Following World War Two, five of these Länder made up the communist state of East Germany (the German Democratic Republic), while the Federal Republic (or ‘West Germany’) comprised the remaining eleven. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 led rapidly to the reunification of Germany in 1990, with the East joining the Federal Republic. The former East Germany contributes about 16 million to the total German population of 83 million. It is the Bundestag (the Federal Parliament) which makes Germany's criminal law (both substantive and procedural), and laws such as the Penal Code, Code of Criminal Procedure and the ...

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