This book has already proved itself as a course adoption leader in Childhood Studies. All of the strengths of the First Edition have been retained. The book is comprehensive and judged with the needs of students in mind. It is a model of clarity and precision and has been acknowledged as such in reviews and course feedback. The new edition thoroughly revises old entries and adds new ones. The book is the most accessible, relevant student introduction to this expanding, interdisciplinary field. It is an indispensable teaching text and an ideal prompt for researchers.

Work and Working Children

Work and working children

Children who contribute their labour, either on an unpaid basis or for monetary gain; they may or may not combine this activity with education.

The concept ‘working children’ is one that in recent years has become the preferred way of describing children who carry out the kinds of activities that used to be glossed by the terms ‘child labour’ or ‘child work’ (Boyden et al., 1998). The reason for this shift in definition is the difficulty in sustaining the distinction between ‘work’ and ‘labour’ in the face of changing ideas not only about the nature and representation of childhood, but also as a result of research that has sought out the views of children who work.

Up until the 1980s, ...

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