Summary
Contents
Subject index
Hate crime is a particularly pernicious form of criminal behaviour that has significant impacts upon victims, their families and wider communities. In this substantially revised and updated edition the book examines the nature, extent and harms of hate crime, and the effectiveness of criminal justice responses to it. It covers racist, religiously motivated, homophobic, disablist and transphobic hate crime, as well as other forms of targeted victimisation such as gendered hostility, elder abuse, attacks upon alternative subcultures and violence against sex workers and the homeless. The book also assesses the complexities and controversies surrounding hate crime legislation and policy-making, as well as the continuing challenges associated with the policing of hate.
The second edition features expanded discussions of international perspectives and contemporary topics such as online hate and cyberbullying, as well as numerous case studies covering issues such as lone wolf extremists, Islamophobia, asylum seekers and the far right. The book contains a range of links to online material that accompany the extensive lists of further reading in each chapter.
Conclusions and Future Directions
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter Summary
This final chapter presents us with an opportunity to reassess the concept of hate crime in light of the issues raised throughout the book. It begins by reviewing key points from previous chapters, and by taking stock of the various complexities that have been outlined thus far – such as the similarities and differences between the more recognised and more marginalised forms of hate crime, the nature of hate crime victimisation and perpetration, or the effectiveness of criminal justice responses – we can begin to recognise just how problematic a concept this can be.
Drawing these ideas together, the chapter goes on to consider future directions for both theory and research and for policy and practice. We identify ...
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