Hate crime is a particularly pernicious form of criminal behaviour that has significant impacts upon victims, their families and wider communities. In this substantially revised and updated edition the book examines the nature, extent and harms of hate crime, and the effectiveness of criminal justice responses to it. It covers racist, religiously motivated, homophobic, disablist and transphobic hate crime, as well as other forms of targeted victimisation such as gendered hostility, elder abuse, attacks upon alternative subcultures and violence against sex workers and the homeless. The book also assesses the complexities and controversies surrounding hate crime legislation and policy-making, as well as the continuing challenges associated with the policing of hate.

The second edition features expanded discussions of international perspectives and contemporary topics such as online hate and cyberbullying, as well as numerous case studies covering issues such as lone wolf extremists, Islamophobia, asylum seekers and the far right. The book contains a range of links to online material that accompany the extensive lists of further reading in each chapter.

International Perspectives on Hate Crime

International Perspectives on Hate Crime

International perspectives on hate crime

Chapter Summary

The term ‘hate crime’ has been used since the 1960s when it was adopted by groups engaged in the civil rights movement in the United States as a way of underlining the commonalities of their struggles. However, while there has been growth in both the usage and currency of the hate crime concept since that era, there appears to be little in the way of a definitive international understanding of what hate crime actually is, how it manifests itself and how it can be challenged. In some countries its adoption has precipitated genuine attempts to combat the malign effects of targeted victimisation, while in others it has spawned initiatives that have appeared rather tokenistic and ...

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