Summary
Contents
Subject index
Education in India: Policy and Practice presents trends in shifting education policies in independent India and how the State, academia and civil society reacted to the changing priorities during the last 50 years. The 20 chapters, authored by eminent scholars and experts, provide valuable insights into complex policy issues at the grassroots as well as macro levels. The book discusses major challenges and concerns such as growth and inequalities, education of women, quality of higher education and research, and making policy reforms for the transformation of the system in such a way that it helps in broader social transformation. The issues analyzed have also been taken up in the editors introductions, which provide a perspective on their wider social, political and economic implications in detail. This volume is an important reference tool for grappling with the challenges of the new National Education Policy 2020. The series Social Change in Contemporary India brings together key texts published in the prestigious journal Social Change, from 1971 till present times. These writings, most of which are considered canonical, address important issues in health, education, poverty and agriculture with special focus on disadvantaged groups. These writings will help readers identify key points in the history of policymaking in India and major discourses and debates and their impact.
Universalization of Secondary Education*
Universalization of Secondary Education*
My perspective is shaped by my own experiences in Bangladesh where we face many challenges similar to those of India. In some areas, we have undertaken innovative initiatives which have addressed specific obstacles and yielded positive results, such as the introduction of stipends for girls which resulted in the rapid expansion of girls' enrolment in secondary schools. The enrolment of girls increased from 442,000 in 1994 to over 1 million by 2001 (Bhatnagar, Dewan, Torres, & Kanungo, 2018). As a result, Bangladesh achieved gender parity in enrolment in secondary schools. In fact, there are now more girls than boys enrolled in secondary schools. The ratio of girls to boys changed from approximately 45:55 in 1994 to 55:45 ...
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