In 1975, an independent Marxist government was established in Mozambique by the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique. An internal military uprising resulted in the formation of the Mozambican National Resistance-an anticommunist party and supported by Rhodesia, apartheid South Africa, and the United States, leading the country into a 17-yearlong civil war. The civil war especially affected the people in the rural areas, the majority of whom are women. Hundreds of thousands were killed, and more than 4 million were internally displaced. By the late 1980s, Mozambique had one of the lowest per capita incomes in the world. A new Constitution was enacted in 1990 that provided for a multiparty political system, and the war ended in 1992. By 1997, 1.7 million Mozambican ...

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