Mozambique

In 1975, an independent Marxist government was established in Mozambique by the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique. An internal military uprising resulted in the formation of the Mozambican National Resistance-an anticommunist party and supported by Rhodesia, apartheid South Africa, and the United States, leading the country into a 17-yearlong [Page 983]civil war. The civil war especially affected the people in the rural areas, the majority of whom are women. Hundreds of thousands were killed, and more than 4 million were internally displaced. By the late 1980s, Mozambique had one of the lowest per capita incomes in the world. A new Constitution was enacted in 1990 that provided for a multiparty political system, and the war ended in 1992. By 1997, 1.7 million Mozambican ...