Exopolis (from the Greek exo “outside” and polis “city”) is one of many surnames given by the ancient Greeks to the goddess Athena because of the location of a statue in her honor outside the city walls of Athens. In urban studies, Edward Soja has used exopolis to refer to the edge city and other developments taking place outside of the city in what used to be called the suburban fringe, but it also refers to what comes after the city (thus ex “after” and polis “city”). Exopolis is the city without, but also the noncity, the city without a center, “a kaleidoscopic social-spatial structure of geometric fragmentation, increasingly discontinuous, orbiting beyond the old agglomerative nodes.” Exopolis is a simulacrum—an exact copy of a city ...