Racialization refers to the process by which social space is associated with various population groups. The Venetian ghetto was a racialized space associated with the Jewish population that lived in the Ghetto Nuovo. In the United States, inner-city neighborhoods are racialized spaces associated with minority populations, street gangs, drug trafficking, and crime, while in France, the banlieue has similarly become associated with overcrowded public housing, people of color, new immigrants, and crime. Racialization affects everyday life on many levels; for residents living within racialized spaces, a stigma is attached to the address that they include in applications for employment; for residents living outside the racialized space, the neighborhoods (and their residents) are to be avoided. The racialization of urban space is also important for understanding ...